Chapter 16, Problem 9RAT

To determine

The correct option for the statement “Which process would release energy from gold, fission or fusion? From carbon?”.

Answer to Problem 9RAT

The correct option for the statement “Which process would release energy from gold, fission or fusion? From carbon?” is option (a).

Explanation of Solution

When the gold nucleus is split, two smaller nuclei of lower atomic numbers are formed. The sum of masses of the fission fragments formed is less than that of the gold nucleus. According to Einstein, energy is directly related to the mass. Thus, the loss of mass of gold is converted into energy. Thus, the fission of the gold nucleus releases energy.

When two smaller carbon nuclei fuse, a larger nucleus is formed. The mass of the larger nucleus is smaller than the combined mass of the two smaller nuclei. The loss in mass is converted into energy. Thus, energy is released in the fusion of carbon nuclei.

When two gold nuclei fuse, the mass of the resulting nucleus will be larger than the combined mass of the two gold nuclei. Thus, energy has to be supplied for the fusion reaction to occur.

When a carbon nucleus is split, the combined mass of the two smaller nuclei will be larger than the mass of the carbon nucleus. Thus, energy has to be supplied for the fission reaction to occur.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the correct option for the statement “Which process would release energy from gold, fission or fusion? From carbon?” is option (a).