The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 42EAP
To determine
To Discuss: The appearance of night sky with no dust grains in the interstellar medium.
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If you want to find a sizeable collection of Population Il stars in the Milky Way Galaxy, where
would be a good place to look?
A. near the Sun
B. in a globular cluster high above the Galaxy's disk
C. in the Orion Spur
D.on the outer surface of giant molecular clouds
E. in an open cluster, especially one with a lot of dust in and around it
As we discussed, clouds are made of a great many small drops. Really - a great many. Imagine a
liquid cloud that fills a volume of 1 km3. The clouds contains 100 drops per cubic centimeter; for
the sake of argument assume that each is 10 microns (micrometers) in radius.
A. How many drops does the cloud contain? Compare this to a big number - say, the number of
stars in the galaxy.
B. What mass of water does the cloud contain? Compare this to something big - elephants,
trucks, that sort of thing.
C. What fraction of the cloud volume is filled with condensed water? One way to approach this
is to compare the density of the suspended liquid water to the density of the surrounding air.
D. How many 1 mm drizzle drops could you make from all the cloud drops?
E. How much energy was released when this water condensed from vapor to liquid? If the
water condensed in 20 minutes (a reasonable lifetime for a small cloud), what was the
(energy per time)?
power
The Tully-Fischer method relies on being able to relate the mass of a galaxy to its rotation velocity.
Stars in the outer-most regions of the Milky Way galaxy, located at a distance of 50 kpc from the
galactic centre, are observed to orbit at a speed vrot
determine the mass in the Milky Way that lies interior to 50 kpc. Express your answer in units of
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250 km s-1. Using Kepler's 3rd Law,
Chapter 16 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 16 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 5EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 6EAP
Ch. 16 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 8EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 10EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 11EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 17EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 20EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 22EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 25EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 26EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 28EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 30EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 16 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 16 - Internal Temperature of the Sun. The Sun is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 16 - Angular Momentum of a Close Binary. Some close...Ch. 16 - Prob. 59EAP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A molecular cloud is about 1000 times denser than the average of the interstellar medium. Let’s compare this difference in densities to something more familiar. Air has a density of about 1 kg/m3, so something 1000 times denser than air would have a density of about 1000 kg/m3. How does this compare to the typical density of water? Of granite? (You can find figures for these densities on the internet.) Is the density difference between a molecular cloud and the interstellar medium larger or smaller than the density difference between air and water or granite?arrow_forwardWhere does interstellar dust come from? How does it form?arrow_forwardDescribe how the 21-cm line of hydrogen is formed. Why is this line such an important tool for understanding the interstellar medium?arrow_forward
- Why are we unlikely to find Earth-like planets around halo stars in the Galaxy? A. Halo stars formed in a different way from disk stars. B. Planets around stars are known to be extremely rare. C. Halo stars formed in an environment where there were few heavy elements to create rocky planets. D. Halo stars do not have enough mass to hold onto planets. Is the answer C? Since halo stars are formed early when the galaxy consisted of mainly hydrogen and helium, there are no heavier elements available to create Earth-like planets so just halo stars are formed? Thanks!arrow_forwardStars have the greatest metal content in which region of the Milky Way Galaxy? a. in the galactic halo b. in the nuclear bulge c. in the disk d. in the core e. in the spherical componentarrow_forwardHalo population stars have I. circular orbits in the plane of the galaxy. II. randomly tipped, elliptical orbits. III. old stars with low metal content. IV. young stars with heavy metal content. a. I and II b. I and III c. II and III d. II and IV e. I and IVarrow_forward
- How are giant molecular clouds (GMCs), the loci of most star formation, themselves formed out of diffuse interstellar gas? What processes determine the distribution of physical conditions within star-forming regions, and why does star formation occur in only a small fraction of the available gas? How is the rate at which stars form determined by the properties of the natal GMC or, on a larger scale, of the interstellar medium (ISM) in a galaxy? What determines the mass distribution of forming stars, the initial mass function (IMF)? Most stars form in clusters (Lada & Lada 2003); how do stars form in such a dense environment and in the presence of enormous radiative and mechanical feedback from other YSOs?arrow_forwardSome interstellar Properties. Use excel calculator to fill in the missing figures. 1 ly = 365 × 24 × 60 × 60 × 300, 000km/s = 9.46 × 10^12 kmarrow_forwardBased on what you know about observations of the interstellar medium at wavelengths other than for visible light, select all of the correct statements from the following list. -The 21-cm radio observations are of neutral hydrogen. -Much interstellar dust between stars is not visible. -The source of hot gas observed at X-ray wavelengths is not known. -All interstellar material is cool. -Interstellar dust is observed at ultraviolet wavelengths. -Giant molecular clouds consist mostly of CO molecules. -Material observed at wavelengths longer than that of visible light is usually cool.arrow_forward
- Describe the life cycles of both low mass and high mass stars, understand how their properties change during each evolutionary stage and how their evolution can be represented on a Hertzsprung-Russell diagramarrow_forwardThe Milky Way grew through merging with many smaller galaxies. What are the observational signatures of this process? O The motion of old stars in the bulge and halo of our galaxy are randomly orientated, meaning they were formed from collisions of small, accreted, galaxies all on different paths. O The ordered motion of the bulge / halo stars means that they came from many objects. The random motions of stars in the disk means it was formed from collisions of small, accreted, galaxies. O The motion of young stars in the disk are all in the same direction, meaning they came in as seperate objects.arrow_forwarddescribe the characteristics of the various kinds of interstellar gas (HII regions, neutral hydrogen clouds, ultra-hot gas clouds, and molecular clouds).arrow_forward
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