Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 1MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The complement system consists of thirty heat-labile proteins from plasma and is involved in the opsonization of pathogens for assisting the immune responses of the host. The complement proteins are protease in nature, which helps to cleave the antigens to neutralize the infectious substances. It is a cascade or a series of proteins (from C1 to C9 and some proteins are indicated as lower cases, a and b) that commence at the time of infection; the process is termed as complement activation.
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Which of the following is not among the first line of defenses against infection? *
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Which of the following is NOT true regarding the alternative complement pathway?
It can be triggered by infectious agent in absence of antibody.
а.
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It does not require C1, C2 or C4.
с.
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d.
It has the terminal sequence of events as the lectin pathway.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Identify at least one physical and one chemical...Ch. 16 - Define inflammation, and list its characteristics.Ch. 16 - What are interferons? Discuss their roles in...Ch. 16 - How can the complement system cause endotoxic...Ch. 16 - Patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6RCh. 16 - Give several examples of how microbes evade the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8RCh. 16 - Are the following involved in innate or adaptive...Ch. 16 - These agranulocytes are not phagocytic until they...
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - If the following are placed in the order of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - A human host can prevent a pathogen from getting...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - In 1884. Elie Metchnikoff observed blood cells...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 3ACh. 16 - The list below identifies a virulence factor for a...Ch. 16 - People with Rhinovirus infections of the nose and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2CAECh. 16 - Leukocyte adherence deficiency (LAD) is an...Ch. 16 - The neutrophils of individuals with Chdiak-Higashi...Ch. 16 - Consider the following. a. In laboratory...
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- In what process is tumor necrosis factor (TNF) not involved?a. chemotaxis of phagocytesb. fever c. the inflammatory responsed. the classic complement pathwayarrow_forwardare cytolytic proteins that binds to target cell's plasma membrane to form pores. a. Chemokines b. Perforins c. Cytotoxicity d. Interferonsarrow_forwardAcidic environments slow the growth of or destroy some pathogens. Which locations in the body use this defence mechanism? Select ALL that apply. a. Skin (sweat) b. Mouth (saliva) O c. Stomach (hydrochloric acid) O d. Vagina (produced by beneficial bacteria) e. Urinary tract (urine)arrow_forward
- Which of the following does not accurately describe complement components? A. made by the spleen B. located in extracellular spaces C. some function as proteases once activated D. activated by a cascade of enzymatic reactions. E. soluble proteinsarrow_forwardWhat is a cytokine? A ) a. a chemical mediator (stimulus) of inflammation that is released by cells in response to tissue or cell damage O b. an antimicrobial substance made by neutrophils O c. a repair stimulator produced by Eosinophils during an allergic reaction O d. cellular (cyto-) substance that mediates noisy arguments between macrophages and lymphocytes And that I put A Cardiac disease is considered a(n) O a. acute, 3 O b. acute, 10 1 c. chronic, 3 O d. chronic, 10 Oe, acutely chronic, 114 And that I put Chronic 3 Are the 3 questions correct?arrow_forwardA child falls and receives a deep cut on her leg that went through her skin and is bleeding. Which of the following defense mechanisms will participate in eliminating contaminating microbes? A. ciliary escalator B. normal skin flora C. phagocytosis in the inflammatory response D. Iysozymearrow_forward
- Which of these statements about complement proteins C3a and C5a is false?a. They are released during the complement fixation process.b. They stimulate chemotaxis of phagocytic cells.c. They promote the activity of phagocytic cells.d.They produce pores in the victim plasma membrane.arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following immune responses is pivotal to the killing and elimination of helminths. a. killing by cytotoxic T cells in the lamina propria b. TH1-induced inflammation c. TH2-associated cytokines d. phagocytosis by intestinal macrophages e. systemic immune responses f. B-cell secretion of IgG.arrow_forwardMatch the barrier defense organ with its defense mechanisms A. vagina B. trachea and bronchi C. skin D. stomach E. mouth select A B C D E 1. villi pushing material outward select A B C D E 2. igA dimers in the saliva select A B C D E 3. low pH, antibodies, and secretions select A B C D E 4. keratinized epithelium and sweat glands select A B C D E 5. extremely low pH and digestive enzymesarrow_forward
- Which components are considered a barrier to pathogen entry? all that apply Select one or more: a. PRRs b. plasma cells c. mucus d. lymph nodes e. lysozymearrow_forwardWhich of the following is the end product of the complement system?a. properdin b. cascade reaction c. membrane attack complex d. complement factor C9arrow_forwardAcidic environments slow the growth of or destroy some pathogens. Which locations in the body use this defence mechanism? Select ALL that apply. □ a. Vagina (produced by beneficial bacteria) b. Skin (sweat) O c. Lungs (mucus) Od. Stomach (hydrochloric acid) De. Mouth (saliva) f. Urinary tract (urine)arrow_forward
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