Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 2MCQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Phagocytosis is a series of processes in which the contact of microbes on the surface of the phagocytic cell involves chemotactic adherence, ingestion and digestion processes. During the ingestion of microorganisms, a sac-like appearance of the cell, called phagosome, is formed for the engulfment of bacteria. The ingested bacteria are further digested by a formation of lysosome and phagosome known as phagolysosome. The phagolysosome helps to digest the bacteria and excretes the bacteria by exocytosis.
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Which of the following does not accurately describe complement components?
A.
made by the spleen
B.
located in extracellular spaces
C.
some function as proteases once activated
D.
activated by a cascade of enzymatic reactions.
E.
soluble proteins
Two of the major actions of complement are a. increased inflammatory response and cytolysis. b. recognition and destruction of a specific antigen and cytolysis. c. production of antibody and increased inflammatory response. d. release of cytokines to increase the immune response and production of antibody.
interferons:
a. cause inflammation
b. inhibit viral infection
c. aid in phagocytosis
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 16 - Identify at least one physical and one chemical...Ch. 16 - Define inflammation, and list its characteristics.Ch. 16 - What are interferons? Discuss their roles in...Ch. 16 - How can the complement system cause endotoxic...Ch. 16 - Patients with X-linked chronic granulomatous...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6RCh. 16 - Give several examples of how microbes evade the...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8RCh. 16 - Are the following involved in innate or adaptive...Ch. 16 - These agranulocytes are not phagocytic until they...
Ch. 16 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 16 - If the following are placed in the order of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 16 - A human host can prevent a pathogen from getting...Ch. 16 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 16 - In 1884. Elie Metchnikoff observed blood cells...Ch. 16 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 16 - Prob. 1ACh. 16 - Prob. 2ACh. 16 - Prob. 3ACh. 16 - The list below identifies a virulence factor for a...Ch. 16 - People with Rhinovirus infections of the nose and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 2CAECh. 16 - Leukocyte adherence deficiency (LAD) is an...Ch. 16 - The neutrophils of individuals with Chdiak-Higashi...Ch. 16 - Consider the following. a. In laboratory...
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- Which of the following does not describe the outcome of complement activation? a. chemotaxis b. opsonization c. vasoconstriction d. proteolysis e. membrane permeabilization.arrow_forwardWhich of the following leads to the redness ofinflammation?a. increased vascular permeabilityb. anaphylactic shockc. increased blood flowd. complement activationarrow_forwardWhich of these statements about complement proteins C3a and C5a is false?a. They are released during the complement fixation process.b. They stimulate chemotaxis of phagocytic cells.c. They promote the activity of phagocytic cells.d.They produce pores in the victim plasma membrane.arrow_forward
- Which of the following leads to swelling seen in an inflammation? a. Vasodilation b. Complement activation c. Phagocytosis by macrophages d. Increased capillary permeabilityarrow_forwardWhich of the following triggers or enhances an inflammatory response? Select one: a. lysozyme Ob. defensins c. lymph d. sebum e. cytokinesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a function of antibodies? Select one: a. They neutralize pathogens by masking the pathogen surface. b. They act as molecular adaptors that bridge together pathogen and phagocyte surfaces. c. They exert toxic effects directly. d. They act as opsonins that mediate phagocytosis. e. They activate complement fixation.arrow_forward
- Chronic granulomatous disease Select one: A. is caused by a decrease in the number of phagocytes. B. can lead to severe combined immunodeficiency. C. is a genetic disease. D. is triggered by an autoantibody against phagocytes. E. is due to a deficiency of B cells and T cells.arrow_forwardComplement can enhance phadocytosis because of the presence on macrophages and neutrophils of receptors for: а. Factor D b. C3b c. C6 d. C9arrow_forwardA(n) _____ is an inactive form of an enzyme that frequently participates in a cascade of enzymatic reactions during complement activation. a. regulator of complement activation b. convertase c. complement control protein module d. zymogen e. opsonin.arrow_forward
- Immunoglobins help eliminate the pathogen through the process of: A. Release of hydrolytic enzymes on the pathogen B. Agglutination and precipitation C. Direct phagocytosis D. Activating plateletsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true regarding the alternative complement pathway? It can be triggered by infectious agent in absence of antibody. а. b. It does not require C1, C2 or C4. с. It cannot be initiated unless C3b fragments are already present. d. It has the terminal sequence of events as the lectin pathway.arrow_forwardare cytolytic proteins that binds to target cell's plasma membrane to form pores. a. Chemokines b. Perforins c. Cytotoxicity d. Interferonsarrow_forward
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