Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 15.2, Problem 2R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason due to which all women containing mutation in the BRCA (breast cancer) gene do not get the early onset of breast cancer.
Introduction:
BRCA gene is known as tumor suppressor gene that produces a protein used in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair to maintain stability of the cell. There are two types of BRCA gene, which are found in the human body, that are BRCA 2 and BRCA 1. The gene for BRCA 1 is positioned on the q arm (short arm) of the 17th chromosome at 21 positions and the gene for BRCA 2 is positioned on the q arm of the 13th chromosome at 12.3 positions.
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Which of the following effectively describes the situation of someone with an inherited predisposition to cancer such as familial adenomatous polyposis or BRCA-associated familial breast cancer?
Choose all that apply
a) If they get malignant cancer, somatic mutations will not have been a factor
b) Their cancer will most likely arise in their germ cells, not their somatic cells
c) None of the answers effectively describes the situation
d) Every cell of their body contains a gain-of-function allele of an oncogene
e) Most cells in their body contain multiple cancer-causing mutations
f) Every cell of their body contains a defective, loss-of-function allele of a tumor suppressor gene
Mutations in the BRCA genes have been shown to be related to a higher incidence of breast cancer in
humans, and genetic tests are available that enable women to discover whether they carry versions of the
gene associated with high risk. However, even early detection of breast cancer does not guarantee a
cure. What considerations can you think of for and against advising women to take the tests? ·
The C-myc gene is a proto-oncogene which is highly expressed in breast tissue and appears to cause proliferation of breast tissue and its elevated expression is associated with breast cancer. Based just on the ChIP data from the previous questions (also shown below), which of the three drugs (estrogen, tamoxifen and raloxifene) would you recommend for treating breast cancer? Justify your response and explain the potential side effects of each drug.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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