Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 15, Problem 9TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The malfunctioning in the signaling pathway of cell division causes the irregularities in the growth of the cell. In an organism, the uncontrolled growth of the cell leads to the condition of cancer. The agents that cause cancer are called “carcinogens.”
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Which of the following are mechanisms by which cancer drugs work (select all that apply)?
A.
Inhibit activity of oncogene
B.
Promote apoptosis
C.
Promote terminal differentiation of cells
D.
Inhibit drug transporters
E.
Promote DNA damage.
Which of the following demonstrates the link between oncogenes and cancer?
a.Oncogenes do not have mutations that increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis.
b.Oncogenes produce molecules that inhibit mitosis.
c.They are genes that transform tumor cells into normal cells.
d.The mutations in oncogenes increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis, leading to irregular cell division.
Which of the following is typical of cancer cells?
A. The parent cell of the tumor contains a single mutation in a single checkpoint gene.
B. Malignant cells migrate.
C. Cancer cells lose the ability to divide.
D. Products of oncogenes inhibit mitosis
E. Benign tumors invade normal tissue.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 15.1 - Consequences of Mutations Concept Check: Based on...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1EQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 2EQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 3EQCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 15.3 - DNA Repair Concept Check: Which components of the...Ch. 15.3 - Why is this person so sensitive to sunlight?...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 2CS
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 15 - Prob. 1TYCh. 15 - Prob. 2TYCh. 15 - Prob. 3TYCh. 15 - Prob. 4TYCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYCh. 15 - The Ames test a. provides a way to determine if...Ch. 15 - Xeroderma pigmentosum a. is a genetic disorder...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8TYCh. 15 - Prob. 9TYCh. 15 - Prob. 10TYCh. 15 - Prob. 1CQCh. 15 - Prob. 2CQCh. 15 - Prob. 3CQCh. 15 - Prob. 1COQCh. 15 - Distinguish between spontaneous and induced...
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- Which of the following would improve an individual's ability to avoid cancer while aging?: a. decreases DNA repair accuracy during mitosisb. makes him smaller (e.g., fewer total cells)c. Increase the rate of mitosisd. increases his number of copies of p53e. all of the abovef. none of the abovearrow_forwardCancer cells are distinguished from other normal cells by (select all that apply!): a. having abnormal nuclei. b. inducing angiogenesis. ☐ c. dividing uncontrollably. d. having mutations in their tumor-suppressor genes.arrow_forwardWhich of the following traits are common to many cancer cells (more than one answer may be correct)A. Uncontrolled growth and divisionB. Chromosomes abnormalitiesC. Absence of a cytoskeletonD. Decreased adhesion to other cellsarrow_forward
- Which of the following would improve an individual's ability to cancer while aging?: a. decreases DNA repair accuracy during mitosisb. makes him smaller (e.g., fewer total cells)c. Increase the rate of mitosisd. increases his number of copies of p53e. all of the abovef. none of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about cancer is correct? A. Cancer stem cells can make tumors resistant to chemotherapy. B. Intra-tumoral heterogeneity makes it easier to treat cancer. C. Mutation in p53 is a type of passenger mutation. D. One driver mutation is more than sufficient for the production of a cancer phenotype.arrow_forwardCancer cells can secrete factors which promote the formation of new blood vessels. The formation of the new blood vessels in this manner is called Select one: O a. carcinogenesis O b. angiogenesis O c. metastasis O d. apoptosis O e. contact inhibitionarrow_forward
- With regard to cancer cells, which of the following are true? A. Cancer cells are clonal, meaning that they are derived from many different cells that all underwent the same clonal mutation. Cells usually accumulate many mutations over time, and this results in cancerous growth. B. Almost all cancers are caused by oncogenic viruses. no Benign tumors are dangerous because they can easily invade surrounding tissue and spread to other locations in the body. DE. Cancer cells are unable to control their division.arrow_forwardWhich of the following must scientists understand in order to create effective cancer treatments? Select all that apply. a why cancer is difficult to treat b where cancer originated c how cancer cells multiply d how cancer cells growarrow_forwardWith regard to cancer cells, which of the following statementsare true?A. Cancer cells are clonal, which means they are derived from asingle mutant cell.B. To become cancerous, cells usually accumulate multiplegenetic changes that eventually result in uncontrolledgrowth.C. Most cancers are caused by oncogenic viruses.D. Cancer cells have lost the ability to properly regulate celldivision.arrow_forward
- Which of the following accurately compares tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes? A. Both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes prevent the spread of cancer by targeting and destroying existing cancer cells. B. A person who has both tumor suppressor and proto-oncogenes will always develop cancer. C. Proto-oncogenes code for growth factors, while tumor suppressor genes inhibit cell division of damaged cells. D. When a proto-oncogene mutates, it becomes a tumor suppressor gene.arrow_forwardThe majority of metastases are the result of cancer cell invasion through which one of the following (select one)? A. Soft tissues B. Skin C. Blood Vessels D. Lymphatic vessels E. Bonearrow_forwardMost forms of cancer involvea. the activation of a single oncogene.b. the inactivation of a single tumor-suppressor gene.c. the activation of multiple oncogenes.d. the activation of multiple oncogenes and the inactivation ofmultiple tumor-suppressor genes.arrow_forward
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