Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 6AWK
A possible complication of a strep throat infection is post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, in this disease, antibodies produced against the streptococcus invader also cause inflammation of glomeruli in the kidneys and damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. What might be the symptoms of damage to the glomerular filtration barrier, and what effect would you expect this to have on kidney function?
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 15 - How do you think we should allocate cadaveric...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2QCCh. 15 - Should the government set up a national registry...Ch. 15 -
1. Describe in general terms the kidneys' role in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CRCh. 15 - Prob. 3CRCh. 15 - Prob. 4CRCh. 15 - Prob. 5CRCh. 15 - Prob. 6CRCh. 15 - Indicate the primary stimulus for the secretion of...
Ch. 15 - Describe the function of the hormone aldosterone.Ch. 15 - Prob. 9CRCh. 15 - Prob. 10CRCh. 15 - Prob. 1TYCh. 15 - Three of the choices below are organ systems...Ch. 15 -
3. The________ detoxifies ammonia, producing...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4TYCh. 15 - Prob. 5TYCh. 15 - Prob. 6TYCh. 15 - Protein is generally not found in the urine...Ch. 15 - Prob. 8TYCh. 15 -
9. Which of the following would not be found in...Ch. 15 - Which of the following is most responsible for the...Ch. 15 - In tubular absorption, which of the following...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYCh. 15 - Prob. 13TYCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYCh. 15 - All of the following statements about UTIs are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 15 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 15 - The kidneys filter a large volume of fluid,...Ch. 15 - Why aren't children already potty trained–able to...Ch. 15 - A possible complication of a strep throat...
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- A urinalysis reveals that the patients urine contains glucose, hemoglobin, and white blood cells (pus). Are any of these substances abnormal in urine? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forward
- Describe the components of the glomerular filtration barrier. Explain the importance of the negative electric charge of the different parts of the glomerular filtration barrier. How does it do to prevent the loss of proteins in the urine?arrow_forwardTab. 2. Morphological changes in the case of damage to the epithelial cells of the renal tubules (H&E micropreparations and electronograms) I. Normal epithelium of renal tubules Mark the corresponding elements in all the pictures: 1 - lumen of renal tubules 2 - nephrocyte nuclei 3- cytoplasm of nephrocytes 4- eosinophilia of the cytoplasm of nephrocytes 5- granules in the cytoplasm of nephrocytes II. Describe the morphological changes: III. Describe the morphological changes:arrow_forwardThe cells lining the nephron component marked by the black asterisk 1. bind the 'parathyroid hormone' to increase the reabsorption of calcium ions from the filtrate into peritubular capillary blood 2. Function to regulate pH of the blood by secreting bicarbonate ions and reabsorbing hydrogen ions 3. bind the hormone 'aldosterone' to increase sodium reabsorption from the filtrate (with passive reabsorption of water) Choose from the following: (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 1 and 2 (E) 2 and 3 (F) 1, 2, and 3arrow_forward
- These vessels marked by the white arrow 1. are classified as 'cap bed 1' vessels in the renal portal system 2. function to secrete glucose molecules across the wall of the proximal convoluted tubule 3. move hydrogen ions across their endothelial cells into the lining cells of the proximal convoluted tubule for pH regulation (if the blood is in acidosis) 4. secrete the products of drugs metabolism into the filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubules Choose from the following: (A) 1 and 2 (B) 2 and 3 (C) 1 and 3 (D) 1, 2, and 3 (E) 3 only (F) 4 only (G) 1, 2, 3, and 4arrow_forwardGlomerular filtration can be increased by which of the following? A. Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole B. Decreasing blood flow via afferent arteriole C. Decreasing arterial blood pressure D. Increasing blood flow via efferent arteriole The answer is (A) Increasing blood flow via afferent arteriole. Please explain why it is not the other options (B,C,D)arrow_forwardDiabetic glomerulosclerosis can result from poor control of blood glucose. Briefly describe the pathological changes in the glomeruli of persons with this type of nephropathy and outline one consequence of renal dysfunction due to the damaged tissuearrow_forward
- Vesicoureteral reflux occurs in children because: O a. as the bladder in infants and children fill, it pulls the smooth lining of the transitional epithelium away from the ureters so that the reflux valves are ineffective. b. the submucosal segment of the ureter is short, making the antireflux mechanism inefficient. O c. they do not ask for help in urinating in a timely manner and urine is forced up into the ureters. d. the trigone lying between the opening to the ureters and the urethra is underdeveloped.arrow_forwardFred was diagnosed 6 months ago with liver cancer. His liver is no longer able to make the necessary amount of proteins needed by the body. What effect, if any, would this have on the net glomerular filtration rate? (Hint, decide which of the 3 forces contributing to the net filtration rate is affected. Then adjust numbers in the equation to determine if there is an increase, decrease, or no change to the net filtration rate). Group of answer choices A) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate. B) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate. C) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate. D) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate. E) There would be no effect on the net glomerular filtration rate.arrow_forwardA patient with cancer is treated with chemotherapy. This specific medication is eliminated by the kidney. Results from a renal plasma clearance test are higher than average. Will the medication need to be given more or less often? Explain.arrow_forward
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