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(a)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of each ion in the given solution is to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
The
The number of moles is calculated by the formula,
Moles=Mass(g)Molar mass
The molarity is calculated by the formula,
Molarity=Number of moles of soluteVolume of solution(in Liters).
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Answer to Problem 50QAP
The number of moles of Al3+ and Cl− ions in solution is 0.0046 moles and 0.0138 moles respectively.
Explanation of Solution
It is given that 10.2 mL of 0.451 M
AlCl3 solution is prepared.
The conversion of units of volume into L is done as,
10.2 mL=10.21000 L=0.0102 L
The number of moles of a solute is calculated by the formula,
Number of moles of solute=Volume of solution×Molarity
Substitute the values of volume of solution and molarity of AlCl3 solution in the above expression.
Number of moles of solute=0.0102 L×0.451 M=0.0046 moles
The compound AlCl3 has one mole of Al3+ ions and three moles of Cl− ions.
Thus, the number of moles of Al3+ is calculated as shown below.
Moles of Al3+=1×0.0046 moles of Al3+=0.0046 moles
The number of moles of Cl− is calculated as shown below.
Moles of Cl−=3×0.0046 moles of Cl−=0.0138 moles
Therefore, the number of moles of Al3+ and Cl− ions in solution is 0.0046 moles and 0.0138 moles respectively.
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of each ion in the given solution is to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
The atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons. Molar mass of an element is determined from atomic mass of an element.
The number of moles is calculated by the formula,
Moles=Mass(g)Molar mass
The molarity is calculated by the formula,
Molarity=Number of moles of soluteVolume of solution(in Liters).
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Answer to Problem 50QAP
The number of moles of Na+ and PO3−4 ions in solution is 1.704 moles and 0.568 moles respectively.
Explanation of Solution
It is given that 5.51 L of 0.103 M
Na3PO4 solution is prepared.
The number of moles of a solute is calculated by the formula,
Number of moles of solute=Volume of solution×Molarity
Substitute the values of volume of solution and molarity of Na3PO4 solution in the above expression.
Number of moles of solute=5.51 L×0.103 M=0.568 moles
The solution of Na3PO4 consists of Na+ and PO3−4 ions. The compound Na3PO4 has three moles of Na+ ions and one mole of PO3−4 ions.
Thus, the number of moles of Na+ is calculated as shown below.
Moles of Na+=3×0.568 moles=1.704 moles
The number of moles of PO3−4 is calculated as shown below.
Moles of PO3−4=1×0.568 moles=0.568 moles
Therefore, the number of moles of Na+ and PO3−4 ions in solution is 1.704 moles and 0.568 moles respectively.
(c)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of each ion in the given solution is to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
The atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons. Molar mass of an element is determined from atomic mass of an element.
The number of moles is calculated by the formula,
Moles=Mass(g)Molar mass
The molarity is calculated by the formula,
Molarity=Number of moles of soluteVolume of solution(in Liters).
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Answer to Problem 50QAP
The number of moles of Cu2+ and Cl− ions in solution is 2.19×10−3 moles and 4.38×10−3 moles respectively.
Explanation of Solution
It is given that 1.75 mL of 1.25 M
CuCl2 solution is prepared.
The conversion of units of volume into L is done as,
1.75 mL=1.751000 L=0.00175 L
The number of moles of a solute is calculated by the formula,
Number of moles of solute=Volume of solution×Molarity
Substitute the values of volume of solution and molarity of CuCl2 solution in the above expression.
Number of moles of solute=0.00175 L×1.25 M=0.00219 moles
The solution of CuCl2 consists of Cu2+ and Cl− ions. The compound CuCl2 has one mole of Cu2+ ions and two moles of Cl− ions.
Thus, the number of moles of Cu2+ is calculated as shown below.
Moles of Cu2+=1×0.00219 moles=0.00219 moles=2.19×10−3 moles
The number of moles of Cl− is calculated as shown below.
Moles of Cl−=2×0.00219 moles=0.00438 moles=4.38×10−3 moles
Therefore, the number of moles of Cu2+ and Cl− ions in solution is 2.19×10−3 moles and 4.38×10−3 moles respectively.
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of moles of each ion in the given solution is to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
The atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons. Molar mass of an element is determined from atomic mass of an element.
The number of moles is calculated by the formula,
Moles=Mass(g)Molar mass
The molarity is calculated by the formula,
Molarity=Number of moles of soluteVolume of solution(in Liters).
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Answer to Problem 50QAP
The number of moles of Ca2+ and OH− ions in solution is 3.96×10−5 moles and 7.92×10−5 moles respectively.
Explanation of Solution
It is given that 25.2 mL of 0.00157 M
Ca(OH)2 solution is prepared.
The conversion of units of volume into L is done as,
25.2 mL=25.21000 L=0.0252 L
The number of moles of a solute is calculated by the formula,
Number of moles of solute=volume of solution×Molarity
Substitute the values of volume of solution and molarity of Ca(OH)2 solution in the above expression.
Number of moles of solute=0.0252 L×0.00157 M=3.96×10−5 moles
The solution of Ca(OH)2 consists of Ca2+ and OH− ions. The compound Ca(OH)2 has one mole of Ca2+ ions and two moles of OH− ions.
Thus, the number of moles of Ca2+ is calculated as shown below.
Moles of Ca2+=1×3.96×10−5 moles=3.96×10−5 moles
The number of moles of OH− is calculated as shown below.
Moles of OH−=2×3.96×10−5 moles=7.92×10−5 moles
Therefore, the number of moles of Ca2+ and OH− ions in solution is 3.96×10−5 moles and 7.92×10−5 moles respectively.
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
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