Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134395326
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Suzanne M. Keller
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15, Problem 15SAE
Besides ridding the body of wastes formed during cell
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Which of the following pathways best describe the structures which urine has to flow through before being excreted out of the body? (Hint: some structures may be omitted, so just make sure the general order is correct)
1-Collecting duct -> bladder -> ureter
2-Collecting duct -> ureter -> bladder -> urethra
3-Collecting duct -> urethra -> bladder -> ureter
4-Major calyx -> minor calyx -> renal pelvis -> urethra
Identify all of the following that are functions of the kidney: (a) maintain blood pH; (b) regulate blood ion concentrations; (c) regulate blood volume and blood pressure; (d) eliminate wastes, some hormones, and certain drugs from the blood; (e) release renin; (f) release erythropoietin; and (g) stimulate the final step in calcitriol formation.
The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is filtered into the Bowman’s capsule and secreted via transport proteins in the renal tubules, but it is NOT reabsorbed. The lines on the following graph represent filtration, secretion and excretion rates of this drug at various plasma concentrations.
For the three lines shown (labeled A-C) identify which line represents filtration, which line represents secretion, and which line represents excretion
Explain how you determined this.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
Ch. 15 - More than one choice may apply. Microscopic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2MCCh. 15 - Urine passes through the ureters by which...Ch. 15 - Effects of aldosterone include a. increase in...Ch. 15 - 5. Which of the following is dependent on tubular...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6MCCh. 15 - The smallest fluid compartment is the a....Ch. 15 - Prob. 8MCCh. 15 - Prob. 9SAECh. 15 - Prob. 10SAE
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11SAECh. 15 - 12. About 150 L of plasma filters into the renal...Ch. 15 - Prob. 13SAECh. 15 - Prob. 14SAECh. 15 - Besides ridding the body of wastes formed during...Ch. 15 - Prob. 16SAECh. 15 - Prob. 17SAECh. 15 - Prob. 18SAECh. 15 - Prob. 19SAECh. 15 - Prob. 20SAECh. 15 - Prob. 21SAECh. 15 - Why is urinalysis a routine part of any good...Ch. 15 - 23. How do the internal and external urethral...Ch. 15 - Prob. 24SAECh. 15 - 25. What sometimes happens when urine becomes too...Ch. 15 - Define incontinence.Ch. 15 - Contrast the following homeostatic imbalances:...Ch. 15 - Why is cystitis more common in females?Ch. 15 - 29. What type of problem most commonly affects the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 30SAECh. 15 - Prob. 31CTCh. 15 - 32. Mitchell’s parents bring him to the clinic...Ch. 15 - A young woman has come to the clinic with dysuria...Ch. 15 - 34. What happens to the rate of RBC production in...Ch. 15 - Two physiology students are having a disagreement...Ch. 15 - Mr. Jessup, a 55-year-old man, is operated on for...Ch. 15 - 37. Raymond is hypertensive and was recently...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The presence of either protein or glucose in a urinalysis is abnormal, but these two molecules end up in the urine for different reasons. For each of these molecules, briefly describe where in the urine production process (i.e., glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption or tubular secretion) the problem occurs, and why it might happen.arrow_forwardkidneys in human beings are used for which purpose?arrow_forwardEpithelial cells that reabsorb solutes are cuboidal, but epithelial cells involved in filtration are thin, squamous cells. The cuboidal cells contain more cytoplasm and organelles, especially mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), than the squamous cells. Why do the cuboidal cells of the kidney tubules need more mitochondria and RER?arrow_forward
- A patient’s GFR is 125 ml/min, and his urine is produced at a rate of 1.25 ml/min. (A) By what factor is the inulin concentrate in his urine. (B) The concentration of glucose in his plasma is 5 mmol/l. His renal reabsorption of glucose is completely inhibited. What would be the concentration of glucose in his urine.arrow_forwardRenal Physiology (humans) a) When blood pressure declines, granular cells produce renin, an enzyme that enters the circulatory system and cleaves angiotensinogen. b) Aldosterone acts on cells of the collecting duct to cause both sodium reabsorption into blood and potassium secretion into urine. c) The production of excess aldosterone by an adrenal tumor would indirectly lead to the hyperpolarization of excitable cardiac cells. d) Both (a) and (b) are correct and (c) is incorrect e) Statements (a), (b) and (c) are all correctarrow_forwardFred was diagnosed 6 months ago with liver cancer. His liver is no longer able to make the necessary amount of proteins needed by the body. What effect, if any, would this have on the net glomerular filtration rate? (Hint, decide which of the 3 forces contributing to the net filtration rate is affected. Then adjust numbers in the equation to determine if there is an increase, decrease, or no change to the net filtration rate). Group of answer choices A) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate. B) Blood colloid osmotic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate. C) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, increasing the net glomerular filtration rate. D) Capsular hydrostatic pressure would be decreased, decreasing the net glomerular filtration rate. E) There would be no effect on the net glomerular filtration rate.arrow_forward
- Two physiology students are having a disagreement about renal function. Student X says that the kidneys work harder when you eat a high salt diet while student Z says that they work harder when you drink lots of water. Who is right, and why?arrow_forwardPhysiological processes are dictated by the laws of chemistry and physics. Give one example each of how a law of chemistry and a law of physics are important in understanding the regulation of renal function.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is TRUE about glucose reabsorption in the kidney? a.If an individual does not have diabetes mellitus, 100% of filtered glucose is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule. b.If an individual has diabetes mellitus, filtered glucose will be present in all the renal tubule. c.Glucose reabsorption along the proximal convoluted tubule uses the sodium glucose secondary active transporter and it is independent of insulin. d.All of the above e.None of the above asaparrow_forward
- A patient has essential hypertension, and with a healthy lifestyle and medication, he is able to maintain normal blood pressure on a single antihypertensive medication. The medication he takes is called an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, or ACE inhibitor, which blocks the activation of angiotensin II. Describe at least two mechanisms by which angiotensin II targets the kidneys to increase extracellular fluid volume and, therefore, increase blood pressure.arrow_forwardexcess sodium ion is considered hazardous, but a certain amount is necessary for normal body functions. What is the purpose of sodium in the body?arrow_forwardGiven: A patient’s GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is 125 ml/min, and his urine is produced at a rate of 1.25 ml/min. (A) By what factor is the inulin concentrate in his urine. (B) The concentration of glucose in his plasma is 5 mmol/l. His renal reabsorption of glucose is completely inhibited. What would be the concentration of glucose in his urine? (answer parts a and b)arrow_forward
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