Human Anatomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135168059
Author: Marieb, Elaine Nicpon, Brady, Patricia, Mallatt, Jon
Publisher: Pearson Education, Inc.,
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Chapter 15, Problem 11RQ
What effect does sympathetic activation have on each of the following structures? Sweat glands, pupils of the eye, adrenal medulla, heart, lungs, blood vessels of skeletal muscles, blood vessels of digestive viscera, salivary glands.
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Why is Sympathetic action diffuse and long lasting while parasympathetic is localized and short lived?
Indicate the results of sympathetic activation of the following structures: sweat glands, eye pupils, adrenal medullae, heart, bronchioles of the lungs, liver, blood vessels of vigorously working skeletal muscles, blood vessels of digestive viscera, salivary glands.
Why does the sympathetic division produce simultaneous effects throughout the body, in contrast to parasympathetic effects, which typically are localized to specific organs?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Human Anatomy
Ch. 15 - Which fibers in the motor division of the PNS are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 15 - Where are the sympathetic ganglia located? Where...Ch. 15 - Are visceral sensory fibers considered part of the...Ch. 15 - Which spinal nerves carry parasympathetic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6CYUCh. 15 - Prob. 7CYUCh. 15 - Why are white rami communicantes located only on...Ch. 15 - What is the general effect of sympathetic...Ch. 15 - Which types of autonomic fibers (preganglionic,...
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11CYUCh. 15 - Prob. 12CYUCh. 15 - Which region of the CNS is the main control center...Ch. 15 - Which embryonic tissue forms the postganglionic...Ch. 15 - Which division of the ANS is deficient in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 1RQCh. 15 - For each of the following terms or phrases, write...Ch. 15 - The thoracic splanchnic nerves contain which kind...Ch. 15 - The collateral ganglia contain which kind of cell...Ch. 15 - Preganglionic sympathetic neurons develop from (a)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 6RQCh. 15 - The white rami communicantes contain what kind of...Ch. 15 - Collateral sympathetic ganglia are involved. with...Ch. 15 - Is the visceral sensory nervous system part of the...Ch. 15 - (a) Describe the anatomical relationship of the...Ch. 15 - What effect does sympathetic activation have on...Ch. 15 - Which of the effects listed in question 11 would...Ch. 15 - A friend asks you how the parasympathetic...Ch. 15 - What manifestations of decreased ANS efficiency...Ch. 15 - The students in anatomy class were having...Ch. 15 - Describe the sympathetic pathways to the (a)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 17RQCh. 15 - Prob. 18RQCh. 15 - Prob. 19RQCh. 15 - How do the somatic motor and visceral motor (ANS)...Ch. 15 - A 1-year-old infant has a swollen abdomen and is...Ch. 15 - Prob. 2CRCAQCh. 15 - Prob. 3CRCAQCh. 15 - Prob. 4CRCAQCh. 15 - Prob. 5CRCAQCh. 15 - Prob. 6CRCAQCh. 15 - Prob. 7CRCAQCh. 15 - Prob. 8CRCAQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Describe the effect of sympathetic innervation on each effector organ, especially the heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, adrenal medulla, and external genitalia.arrow_forwardDescribe the sympathetic response in a frightening situationfor each of the following body parts: hair follicles, iris of eye,lungs, spleen, adrenal medullae, urinary bladder, stomach,intestines, gallbladder, liver, heart, arterioles of the abdominalviscera, and arterioles of skeletal muscles.arrow_forwardA patient’s heart is beating unusually slowly. Which of the following are possible explanations? (More than one may be correct) Parasympathetic system is overactive Parasympathetic system is underactive Sympathetic system is overactive Sympathetic system is underactivearrow_forward
- Why do sympathetic effects last longer than parasympathetic effects?arrow_forwardA target effector, such as the heart, receives input from the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. What is the actual difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions at the level of those connections (i.e., at the synapse)? Why does smoking increase the risk of heart disease? Provide two reasons based on autonomic function.arrow_forwardIn the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system: Select one: The ratio between the number of postganglionic and preganglionic neurons is small. A single preganglionic neuron usually synapses with a single postganglionic neuron. An important functional characteristic is convergence of the preganglionic fibers. Preganglionic fibers are usually much longer than the postganglionic fibers. Activity of the neurons tends to have a more generalized and widespread effect on the body.arrow_forward
- The ANS is subdivided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Review the differences between these two divisions by filling in the table below: Characteristic Sympathetic or Parasympathetic? Calms you down — "rest and digest" ["", ""] Pumps you up — "fight or flight" ["", ""] Preganglionic neuron long, postganglionic neuron short ["", ""] Preganglionic neuron short, postganglionic neuron long ["", ""] Arises from cranial or sacral spinal nerves ["", ""] Arises from spinal nerves T1-L2 ["", ""] Synapses near the spinal cord ["", ""] Synapses near the target organ ["", ""] Increases heart and respiratory rate ["", ""] Stimulates…arrow_forwardCompare the primary mechanisms used by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions to clear or remove neurotransmitters? In other words, how do they terminate their neurotransmitter activity? How do they differ from each other? Question #2 Barbra Streisand, age 79, has asthma. We are considering an adrenergic drug for treatment. For Ms. Streisand, what are the drug advantages and diadvantages associciated with the use of ephedrine isoproterenol metaproterenol albuterol terbutaline Would her age be a factor in selecting the best drug? Explain. Question #3 Steven Seagal, age 69, has hypertension and asthma. We are considering treating him with an adrenergic blocker. What are the advantages and disadvantages for each of the drugs below to treat high blood pressure? doxazosin prazosin propranolol metoprolol atenolol acebutolol What needs to be included when teaching individuals suffering from high blood pressure about the use of an adrenergic blocker?arrow_forwardDiscuss why the sympathetic system is called the “fight-or-flight” system. Construct a table summarizing what occurs in each of the following body systems when the sympathetic system is stimulated. Explain why these responses occur. Body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, eyes, skin, gastrointestinal, urinary, and immune.arrow_forward
- What is the sympathetic division?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a true statement about autonomic nervous system? Parasympathetic cell bodies are located in ganglia within (or near) their target tissues Preganglionic sympathetic neurons release acetylcholine Preganglionic parasympathetic neurons are located in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord Most postganglionic sympathetic neurons release norepinephrinearrow_forwardDescribe the basic pathways of sympathetic innervation from the spinal cord to the effector organs in the body periphery, the head, and the visceral organs.arrow_forward
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