Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14.L2, Problem 1VC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The type of defense in the images 1-4, their primary target microbes (among A-D) and their effects.
Introduction:
The four defenses given in 1-4 are - interferons, monocyte, eosinophil and neutrophil. The microbes given in A-D are - Streptococcus, Wuchereria bancrofti, viruses, and Aspergillus fumigatus.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 14.1 - Summarize the characteristics of basic host...Ch. 14.1 - Differentiate between the three lines of defense,...Ch. 14.1 - Explain the nature of the different types of...Ch. 14.1 - Explain the functions of the three lines of...Ch. 14.1 - What is the difference between nonspecific host...Ch. 14.1 - Differentiate innate defenses and acquired...Ch. 14.1 - List four innate defensive responses present in...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 4ELOCh. 14.2 - Describe several features of the recognition...Ch. 14.2 - Characterize pattern recognition receptors and...
Ch. 14.2 - Describe the microscopic anatomy of body...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 8ELOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 9ELOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 10ELOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 11ELOCh. 14.2 - Prob. 5CYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 14.2 - What are the main components of the...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 9CYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 11CYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 12CYPCh. 14.2 - Describe the principal function of the two...Ch. 14.2 - What is Lymph, and how is it formed?Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 15CYPCh. 14.3 - Describe the main events in the inflammatory...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 13ELOCh. 14.3 - Describe the mechanism behind fever, and explain...Ch. 14.3 - Describe the major events in the inflammatory...Ch. 14.3 - Of rubor, calor, dolor, and tumor, which are signs...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 21CYPCh. 14.3 - Explain the processes of diapedesis and...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 23CYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 14.4 - Indicate the major stages of phagocytosis, and...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 17ELOCh. 14.4 - Prob. 18ELOCh. 14.4 - Characterize the complement system, its origins,...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 24CYPCh. 14.4 - What are the types of macrophages, and what are...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 26CYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 27CYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 28CYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 29CYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 30CYPCh. 14.4 - Using figure 14.21 as a guide, give examples for...Ch. 14.L1 - An example/examples of a nonspecific chemical...Ch. 14.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 14.L1 - What is included in GALT? a. thymus b. Peyer’s...Ch. 14.L1 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 14.L1 - Monocytes are ___________ leukocytes that develop...Ch. 14.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 14.L1 - Toll-like receptors are proteins on ___________ a....Ch. 14.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 14.L1 - __________ is an example of an inflammatory...Ch. 14.L1 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 14.L1 - _________ interferon, produced by T lymphocytes,...Ch. 14.L1 - In what process is tumor necrosis factor (TNF) not...Ch. 14.L1 - Which of the following substances is not produced...Ch. 14.L1 - Prob. 16MCQCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 14.L1 - Use the lines on the figure to the right to locate...Ch. 14.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 5WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 6WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 7WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 8WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 9WCCh. 14.L1 - Prob. 10WCCh. 14.L2 - Suggest some reasons that there is so much...Ch. 14.L2 - Prob. 2CTCh. 14.L2 - Prob. 3CTCh. 14.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 14.L2 - An obsolete treatment for syphilis involved...Ch. 14.L2 - Patients with a history of tuberculosis often show...Ch. 14.L2 - Shigella, Mycobacterium, and numerous other...Ch. 14.L2 - Account for the several inflammatory symptoms that...Ch. 14.L2 - Prob. 9CTCh. 14.L2 - Prob. 10CTCh. 14.L2 - Prob. 1VC
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- Select the CORRECT alternatives about the complement system. The membrane attack complex is shaped like a needle to destroy the bacterial cell wall. The membrane attack complex has a pore shape. Opsonization is not part of the complement system and uses antibodies to attack viruses specifically. Opsonization uses antibodies to optimize phagocytosis.arrow_forwardDrag the labels to correctly relate host cells to the defense processes they carry out. Active in worm and fungal infections Mast cells Reset Predominant phagocytic cell to kill bacteria Allergic and inflammatory symptoms Myeloid progenitor Neutrophils Eosinophils Matures into macrophages and dendritic cells Matures into macrophages and dendric cels Stem cell Cell-mediated immunity Monocyte Lymphoid progenitor Produce antibodies B lymphocyte T lymphocytearrow_forwardWhile the functions of the three types of interferons mentjoned in the text book are numerous, they all share an antiviral function. Part D- Functions and Characteristics of Cytokines Match the following functions and characteristics with the corresponding type of cytokine. Drag and drop the phrases into the bins they describe. > View Available Hint(s) Reset Help Promote secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) Stimulate blood cell production Used to treat Kaposi's sarcoma Impart viral resistance to cells that secrete this cytokine Attract free macrophages and microphages Promote activity of fibroblasts Slow growth of tumors and kills sensitive tumor cells Colony-stimulating factors Phagocyte-activating chemicals Interleukins Interferons Tumor necrosis factors Stimulate inflammatory process Stimulate the activity of NK cells Slow progress of inflammation Submit rovide Feedbackarrow_forward
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- Choose all the answers that are true. The lymphatic system helps to protect the body Inflammation and fever are non-specific (innate) defenses. red blood cells can be found in the lymph lymph fluid drains into the bloodstream The different types of lymphocytes play an important role in specific (adaptive) defenses. lymph fluid surrounds the cells of the body The first line of defense are the barrier surfaces like the skin and mucous membranes. The lymphatic system is not a circulatory system. It begins with lymph capillaries.arrow_forwardPlease use the right words from the word bank provided below to fill in the blanks. You might use the same words multiple times. "TH1, alergic response, substances, MHCI, MHCII, TC, TH, interluckins, TH2, immune response, cytokines, B" TC cells interact with a pathogen- infected cell through a _____________ protein and secrete substances that kill the pathogen-bearing infected cell. __________ cells interact with peptide-____________ complexes on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. This interaction causes differentiation of the __________ cells into two subsets ___________ and ______________, which respond by proliferating and producing soluble _____________ that interact with receptors on other cells and activate them to initiate an __________.arrow_forwardWrite T if the statement is correct; write F if the statement is not correct. Antigen fragments that bind to MHC class I molecules are typically in endosomes. " " TAP1 and TAP2 are present on the plasma membrane of APCs. " " Proteasomes process antigens within the endoplasmic reticulum. " " Newly synthesized MHC class I molecules can be found within endosomes. " " Newly synthesized MHC class I α chains assemble in the ER with calnexin. " "arrow_forward
- Drag each label to the appropriate box to indicate if the label is associated with B cells or T cells. Labels can be used more than once. Formation of clone when activated Production of antibodies Cellular immunity Stimulated by cytokines B Cells Humoral immunity Targets cancer cells and virally infected cells Interact with antigen- presenting cells Formation of memory cells T Cellsarrow_forwardName two cytokines that are thought to be involved in the inflammatory response to viruses (cite your source). Describe a component of the innate immune response to viral infection (name it and explain how it works. Be sure you are talking about something that protects you from viruses.)arrow_forwardWrite TRUE is the statement is True, otherwise write FALSE and explain why the statement is False. The complement system involves a set of genes that distinguish foreign cells from body cells. The alternative complement activation pathway involves the cleavage of C5 to form C9. The type of interferon present late in an infection is gamma interferon. Interferons cause muscle aches, chills, and fever. Toll-like receptors act to cause phagocytic chemotaxis. Lymphocytes are large agranulocytes. Opsonization occurs when a phagocyte’s pseudopods surround a microbe and fuse to form a sac. Defensins are antimicrobial peptides of the first line of defense.arrow_forward
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