Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14.2, Problem 1EQ
What were the key observations made by Jacob, Monod, and Pardee that led to the development of their hypothesis regarding the lacI gene and the regulation of the lac operon?
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Gene expression in bacteria is controlled by the operon model.
a) Why is the operon model important?
b) Why is the trp operon known as a repressible operon?
1.
a) If glucose is not available and lactose is absent from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?
b)If glucose is not available, but lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?
b)
What was the eventual hypothesis proposed bythe researchers to explain the function of the lacI gene and theregulation of the lac operon?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 14.2 - Which genes are under the control of the lac...Ch. 14.2 - With regard to regulatory proteins and small...Ch. 14.2 - What were the key observations made by Jacob,...Ch. 14.2 - CoreSKILL What was the eventual hypothesis...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 3EQCh. 14.2 - Core Skill: Connections Look back at Fig 9.12....Ch. 14.2 - What are the advantages of having both an...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 14.3 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 14.4 - What are the two opposing effects that histone...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 1CSCh. 14.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 14.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 14 - Prob. 1TYCh. 14 - Prob. 2TYCh. 14 - Transcription factors that bind to DNA and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4TYCh. 14 - For the lac operon, what would be the expected...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYCh. 14 - The trp operon is considered _____ blank operon...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8TYCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYCh. 14 - _____ blank refers to the process that allows a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 1CQCh. 14 - Transcriptional regulation often involves a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3CQCh. 14 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 14 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following statements is false?a) A derivative of lactose serves as an inducer of the lac operon.b) Signal transduction provides a mechanism for a cell to sense the conditions of its external environment.c) Quorum sensing allows bacterial cells to sense the density of like cells.d) An example of a two-component regulatory system is the lactoseoperon, which is controlled by a repressor and an activator.e) An ORF is a stretch of DNA that may encode a protein.arrow_forwardMost of the mutations that Yanofsky recovered were missense mutations. However, Yanofsky also recovered a nonsense mutation that changed amino acid number 15 into a stop codon. This codon normally encodes Lysine. Does the recovery of this mutation support the hypothesis that this Lysine residue is critical in the function of the tryptophan synthetase protein? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhat are the similarities and differences between DNA Polymerase and RNA polymerase? Explain the process of how the Lactose operon functions in the presence of lactose, glucose, both, and without lactose. Explain the process of how the Tryptophan operon functions in the presence of tryptophan and in the absence of tryptophan. What are the three types of horizontal gene transfer among prokaryotes? How do these three types of horizontal gene transfer work? What are restriction endonucleases, restriction fragments, & explain the general premise behind Recombinant DNA technology. Describe: STR’s, Mitotyping, & SNP’s in relation to DNA profiling What are Transgenic or Genetically Modified Organisms? Provide examples using herbicide tolerance and pest resistance.arrow_forward
- Given the following genotypes, explain, by answering the questions in each number, how the mutation (identified by a (-) superscript) will affect E. coli grown in lactose medium. Will there be a complete set ofgene products? (Yes/No) Will the lac operon be turnedon/off? Will the cell survive? (Yes/No) a. i + p + o + z - y + b. i + p - o + z + y + c. i + p + o - z + y +arrow_forwardAttardi et. al (1963) found that lactose operon synthesis in E.coli increased with the addition of inducer. Do inducers act at the transcription or translation level? Explain.arrow_forwardCould someone please give me a technical description of how the chemotaxis systems work in gene regulation? Thank youarrow_forward
- The lac operon in E. coli bacteria codes for proteins that break down (digest) the disaccharide lactose. Therefore, the lac operon is expressed at its highest levels when there is: A) glucose but no lactose B) lactose and glucose C) lactose but no glucose D) no glucose or lactosearrow_forwardWhat is the phenotype of an E. coli strain with a mutation in the lac operator that allows the lac repressor to irreversibly bind the operator? Assume glucose is absent. 1S A) O Transcription of the operon is very high whether lactose is present or not. B) O Transcription of the operon is very low whether lactose is present or not. C) O Transcription of the operon is high in the presence of lactose, and low in its absence. D) O Transcription of the operon is low in the presence of lactose, and high in its absence.arrow_forwardIn the bacterium,Martian coli, it was discovered that the lac operon is positively regulated. Lactose, when present, binds to the regulatory protein A. The protein A-lactose complex then binds to the operator domain 0 and induces synthesis of lacZ+ and lacY+ MRNAS. a) What would be the most common phenotype of o- mutants in terms of lactose utilization? Explain your answer. b) What would be the most common phenotype of A- mutants? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- The streptolysin S toxin made by S. pyogenes is encoded by a 9-gene operon, sagABCDEFGHI. Thinking about what a 3-line diagram would look like for this operon, answer the following questions. Write numeric answers only. For example, if your answer is 6 promoters, write only 6. 1) How many promoters control the expression of these genes? 2) How many locations does RNA Polymerase bind to get full expression of these genes? 3) How many ribosome binding sites are needed for full protein expression? 4) How many start codons will be needed for full protein expression? 5) How many mRNA strands will be produced with full operon expression? 6) How many proteins will be produced with full protein expression? 1arrow_forwardWhat are the effects of the following conditions on Lac operon of bacteria? Do not forget to mention about the role of repressor, activator, RNA polymerase in each case! A) Glucose is absent and lactose is present B) Glucose is present and lactose is present C) Glucose is present and lactose is absentarrow_forwardA number of mutations affect the expression of the lac operon in E. coli. The genotypes of several E. coli strains are shown below. ("+" indicates a wild-type gene with normal function and "-" indicates a loss-of-function allele.) Please predict which of the following strains would have the highest beta-galactosidase enzyme activity, when grown in the lactose medium. O CAP+ r* p* o* z O CAP* I P* o* z* O CAP* r* P O* z* O CAP I P* O z*arrow_forward
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