Microeconomics
21st Edition
ISBN: 9781259915727
Author: Campbell R. McConnell, Stanley L. Brue, Sean Masaki Flynn Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 14, Problem 6RQ
To determine
How collusive agreements can be established and maintained.
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Suppose O2 and Vodafone are the only two telecommunicationscompanies in UK. Both companies are considering whether ornot to stop offering unlimited data plans. Each company has twostrategies: stop or don’t stop. The first entry in the brackets is the payoffsof O2 and the second entry is the payoffs of Vodafone, both in $million.What will be the dominant strategies of O2 and Vodafone and what willbe the Nash equilibrium? Explain your answers.
18. Answer the next question based on the payoff matrix for a two-firm oligopoly where the
numbers represent the firms' respective profits given each of their pricing strategies:
FIRM Y
O $ 800,000
O $1,000,000
O $1,450,000
Strategies:
High-price
If both firms collude to maximize joint profits,
O $1,250,000
FIRM X
High-price
X = $625,000
Y = $625,000
Low-price X = $275,000
Y = $725,000
Low Price
X = $725,000
Y = $275,000
X = $400,000
Y = $400,000
tal profits for the two firms will be:
4. Consider a three-player bargaining, where the players are negotiating over
a surplus of one unit of utility. The game begins with player 1 proposing
a three-way split of the surplus. Then player 2 must decide whether to
accept the proposal or to substitute for player 1's proposal his own alternative
proposal. Finally, player 3 must decide whether to accept or reject current
proposal (it is player 1's if player 2 accepts or player 2's if player 2 offer a
new one). If he accepts, then the players obtain the specified shares of the
surplus. If player 3 rejects, then the players each get 0.
(a) Draw the extensive form game of this perfect-information game.
(b) Determine the subgame perfect NE.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Microeconomics
Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 1QQCh. 14.2 - The D2e segment of the demand curve D2eD1 in graph...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 3QQCh. 14.2 - Prob. 4QQCh. 14 - Prob. 1DQCh. 14 - Prob. 2DQCh. 14 - Prob. 3DQCh. 14 - Prob. 4DQCh. 14 - Prob. 5DQCh. 14 - Prob. 6DQ
Ch. 14 - Prob. 7DQCh. 14 - Prob. 8DQCh. 14 - Prob. 9DQCh. 14 - Prob. 10DQCh. 14 - Prob. 11DQCh. 14 - Prob. 12DQCh. 14 - Prob. 13DQCh. 14 - Prob. 14DQCh. 14 - Prob. 1RQCh. 14 - Prob. 2RQCh. 14 - Prob. 3RQCh. 14 - Prob. 4RQCh. 14 - Prob. 5RQCh. 14 - Prob. 6RQCh. 14 - Prob. 7RQCh. 14 - Prob. 8RQCh. 14 - Prob. 9RQCh. 14 - Prob. 10RQCh. 14 - Prob. 1PCh. 14 - Prob. 2PCh. 14 - Prob. 3P
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- Consider a new card game between 2 players: Michael (player 1) and Phyllis (player 2) Michael is dealt two cards : O7 and 8. Phyllis is also dealt two cards: 09 and 10. Now, each of the players will play 1 card both at the same time. The payoff of Michael is 8 points if he plays a card of opposite color (red/black) than Phyllis, and otherwise his payoff is 10 points. The payoff of Phyllis is 1 points if the difference of the already played card numbers is smaller than 4, otherwise her payoff is 5 points. 1. Find the action sets of each player and the action profile of the game. 2. Represent the game in the Normal form. 3. Find the Best Responses for Michael. 4. Find the Best Responses for Phyllis. 5. Find all the Nash Equilibriums of the game (if any).arrow_forwardWal-Mart's dominant strategy is to pick a price of $. Target Price = $30 Price = $17 %3D What is the Nash equilibrium for this game? $6,000 $1,500 O A. The Nash equilibrium is for Target to choose a price of $17 and Wal-Mart to choose a price of $30. Price = $30 $6,000 $11,000 O B. The Nash equilibrium is for Target and Wal-Mart to both choose a price of $30. Wal - Mart C. The Nash equilibrium is for Target to choose a price of $30 and Wal-Mart to choose a price of $17. $11,000 $4,500 Price = $17 %3D $1,500 $4,500 O D. The Nash equilibrium is for Target and Wal-Mart to both choose a price of $17. South OE. O E. A Nash equilibrium does not exist for this game.arrow_forwardTeam 2 plays A Team 2 plays B Team 1 plays A 0, 24 10, 10 Team 1 plays B 4, 4 24, 0 Consider the infinitely repeated version of the game above. Which of the following is the smallest discount factor such that the grim trigger strategy under which team 1 plays A and team 2 plays B until a team deviates, after which team 1 plays B forever and team 2 plays A forever is a Nash Equilibrium? O 1/2 O3/4 O 1/100arrow_forward
- 5. The following represents the payoffs in a one period game in prices HI and LO. A HI LOW B HI (100, 100) (200,0) LOW (0, 200) (50, 50) (a) If A and B were playing this game only once, what strategy should A choose, and why? (b) A and B are playing the same game an infinite number of times and each has a discount rate of 50% (.50). Firm B adopts a trigger strategy and selects HI in the first round. What would be A's present value of profits from cooperation (HI)? What would be its present value from cheating (LO)? Would A choose to cooperate or cheat?arrow_forwardSuppose that Firm A and Firm B are independently deciding whether to sell at a low price or a high price. The payoff matrix below shows the profits per year for each company resulting from the two price options. Firm B High Price Firm B Low Price $5 million $2 million $3 million $1 million $4 million $5 million $2 million $3 million a. Does Firm A have a dominant strategy? O The dominant strategy for Firm A is a low price. O The dominant strategy for Firm A is a high price. O No, there is no dominant strategy for Firm A. b. Does Firm B have a dominant strategy? O The dominant strategy for Firm B is a high price. The dominant strategy for Firm B is a low price. O No, there is no dominant strategy for Firm B. c. What are the Nash equilibria in this game? Instructions: In order to receive full credit, you must make a selection for each option. For correct answer(s), click the box once to place a check mark. For incorrect answer(s), click the option twice to empty the box. 2 Firm A charges…arrow_forwardSuppose that Firm A and Firm B are independently deciding whether to sell at a low price or a high price. The payoff matrix below shows the profits per year for each company resulting from the two price options. Firm B High Price Firm B Low Price $5 million $2 million $3 million $1 million $4 million $5 million $2 million $3 million a. Does Firm A have a dominant strategy? O The dominant strategy for Firm A is a low price. O No, there is no dominant strategy for Firm A. O The dominant strategy for Firm A is a high price. b. Does Firm B have a dominant strategy? O The dominant strategy for Firm B is a low price. O The dominant strategy for Firm B is a high price. O No, there is no dominant strategy for Firm B. Firm A Low Price Firm A High Pricearrow_forward
- Consider the following game with strategies A or B for both players 1 and 2. A> 0 applies. Spieler 2 A В А| 2, а 0, 3 Spieler 1 B 3, 0 1, 1 (For the respective strategy combination, the left number corresponds to the payouts from player 1 and the right number to the payouts from player 2. Which of the following statements is correct? O 1. For a = 2 the strategy combination (A, A) is a Nash equilibrium. O 2. For all a> 0 it holds that the strategy combination (B, B) is the only Nash equilibrium. O 3. For a = 4 there are several Nash equilibria. O 4. Fora4, Aisthe dominant strategy for player 2. 5. For a = 2, player 2 has no dominant strategy.arrow_forward3. Consider a two-player, sequential-move game where each player can choose to play right or left. Player 1 moves first. Player 2 observes player 1's actual move and then decides to move right or left. If player 1 moves right, player 1 receives £20 and player 2 receives £45. If both move left, player 1 receives £15 and player 2 receives £30. If player 1 moves left and player 2 moves right, player 1 receives £40 and player 2 receives £40. a. Draw the above situation in the form of an extensive form game. b. Find the sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium of the extensive form game.arrow_forward8. Suppose there are two firms (Fr and F2) producing identical product competing for 20 market share and each of which would like to dominate the other, if possible. They faced a choice between defending and cooperating. When either defends or bou cooperate, neither is able to dominate the other. Assuming these preferences are reflected in their profit pay-offs. If both the players choice to defend, their profit will be 1.500 each. When one Firm defends and the other cooperates their profit level will be 5.000 an 1.000 respectively. Similarly, when both cooperate they end up with profit level of 3.000 each. With this in mind: a. Represent the above game in normal form/strategic form. b. Identify the dominant strategy for both firms and the dominant strategy equilibrium. c. Is the above equilibrium Nash equilibrium? Is it Pareto efficient allocation? Why? d. Assuming the game is one-shoot game and Firm 1 moves first represent it in extended formarrow_forward
- Suppose rules of the scenario change such that Villagel and Village2 are having a conflict on the ownership of this stream of nearby river. If both villages decide not to battle against each other, V1 will receive a monetary gain of 20S while V2 will receive a monetary gain of 50S. However, if both decide to battle, there is no monetary gain for both. If V1 decides to attach V2 but V2 stays neutral, V1 receives a gain of 80$ while V2 gets 60S. V2 will get 80S if it attacks V1 and in return V1 does not attack. In this scenario, V1's monetary gain would be just 10$. You are required to construct the pay-off matrix of this scenario.arrow_forward4. The following payoff matrix shows the profit payoff to firms A and B from combinations of price strategies HI and LO. A НІ LOW B HI (6, 6) (16, -5) LOW (-7, 15) (0, 0) (a) In a one period game, what strategy would each firm follow, and why? Determine the equilibrium on the one-period game. (b) Now assume the game is infinite in length. Firm B goes HI in period 1 and continues with HI so long as A does as well. Firm A is deciding between HI and LO. Determine the range of discount rates for which HI is the better choice for Firm A.arrow_forwardQUESTION 8 Player 1 chooses between Up and Down. Player 2 observes this, then chooses between Up and Down herself. If both players choose the same action, they both get a payoff of 1. If they choose different actions, the player with Up gets 1 and the player with Down gets -1. How many (pure strategy) Nash equilibria are there in this game? O 3 O 4 QUESTION 9 In the Bertrand model, suppose that each firm has a marginal cost of £10 and that firm 1 sets a price of £9.99, which of the following a best-response for firm 2? Click all the correct answers. O £9.99 O £10.01 O £11.01 O £10.00 O £9.98 QUESTION 10 In the Lindahl model, if player 1 is honest and player 2 maximises his utility which of the following is true: O Player 2 has a higher utility than if both players had been honest. O The level of public good provided is more than that implied by the Samuelson rule. O Player 1 consumes more public goods than player 2.arrow_forward
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