Physical Universe
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862619
Author: KRAUSKOPF, Konrad B. (konrad Bates), Beiser, Arthur
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 5MC
The ozone in the stratosphere
- a. reflects radio waves
- b. reflects solar ultraviolet
radiation - c. absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation
- d. is responsible for the blue color of the sky
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Students have asked these similar questions
The colorful display of lights in the upper atmosphere seen in higher and lower latitudes are called auroras. What causes them?
a. the response of the earth’s magnetic field to solar flares
b. solar radiation and particles ionize the gas molecules in that portion of the atmosphere
c. the circulation of the earth’s outer core
d. highly energetic particles coming from outer space glow as they enter our atmosphere
1. What can you observe from the picture below? Explain in detail.
Penetrates Earth's
Atmosphere?
Radiation Type Radio
Wavelength (m) 10³
Approximate Scale
of Wavelength
Frequency (Hz)
Temperature of
objects at which
this radiation is the
most intense
wavelength emitted
Y
104
GR
N
wwwwwww
Visible
0.5x10-6
Microwave
10-²
108
Infrared
10-5
Buildings Humans Butterflies Needle Point Protozoans Molecules Atoms
1K
-272 °C
10¹2
100 K
-173 °C
10¹5
10,000 K
9,727 °C
N
Ultraviolet X-ray
10-8
10-10
1016
10¹8
10,000,000 K
-10,000,000 °C
Gamma ray
10-12
Atomic Nuclei
1020
a. How stable is an inversion and why? How does an inversion form?
b. Give a detailed explanation of why warm air rises.
c. How stable is an inversion and why? How does an inversion form?
Chapter 14 Solutions
Physical Universe
Ch. 14 - Arrange the following gases in the order of their...Ch. 14 - Much of Tibet lies in altitudes above 5.5 km...Ch. 14 - Prob. 3MCCh. 14 - Temperatures in the stratosphere increase with...Ch. 14 - The ozone in the stratosphere a. reflects radio...Ch. 14 - The breakdown of the ozone layer is promoted by...Ch. 14 - Saturated air has a relative humidity of a. 0 b. 1...Ch. 14 - The higher the temperature of a volume of air, the...Ch. 14 - When saturated air is cooled, a. it becomes able...Ch. 14 - Clouds consist of a. water droplets at all...
Ch. 14 - Prob. 11MCCh. 14 - (a) The three basic cloud types are cirrus,...Ch. 14 - Insolation is a. the insulating effect of the...Ch. 14 - The chief source of atmospheric heat is a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 15MCCh. 14 - The seasons occur as a result of a. variations in...Ch. 14 - Because of the coriolis effect, a wind in the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 18MCCh. 14 - Prob. 19MCCh. 14 - Prob. 20MCCh. 14 - The middle latitudes usually experience winds from...Ch. 14 - The generally easterly winds that blow on both...Ch. 14 - Prob. 23MCCh. 14 - The trade-wind belts are regions of generally a....Ch. 14 - A cyclone is a weather system centered about a a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 26MCCh. 14 - Unstable weather is associated with a. cyclones b....Ch. 14 - Tornados a. are narrow cyclonic storms b. are...Ch. 14 - The chief reason the equatorial regions are warmer...Ch. 14 - The greatest seasonal variations in temperature...Ch. 14 - Prob. 31MCCh. 14 - Ice ages a. cover the entire earth with a sheet of...Ch. 14 - The approximate percentage of the earths surface...Ch. 14 - Compared with the average height of the continents...Ch. 14 - The deepest known point of the oceans is found in...Ch. 14 - The Hawaiian Islands are a. part of a sunken...Ch. 14 - Tsunamis are caused by a. monsoons b. typhoons c....Ch. 14 - Prob. 38MCCh. 14 - Prob. 39MCCh. 14 - Prob. 40MCCh. 14 - What causes ionization to occur in the upper...Ch. 14 - Suppose you are climbing in an airplane that has...Ch. 14 - The tropopause, stratopause, and mesopause are...Ch. 14 - What would happen if ozone were to disappear from...Ch. 14 - Why are chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases, which are...Ch. 14 - What does it mean to say that a certain volume of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7ECh. 14 - Why does the air in a heated room tend to be dry?Ch. 14 - The air in a closed container is saturated with...Ch. 14 - (a) Why does dew form on the ground during clear,...Ch. 14 - What does Fig. 14-6 tell us about the relative...Ch. 14 - What do high-altitude clouds consist of?...Ch. 14 - What initiates the fall of rain from a cloud? The...Ch. 14 - (a) The three basic cloud types are cirrus,...Ch. 14 - What is insolation? How does it affect the...Ch. 14 - (a) On a clear day, solar radiation is most...Ch. 14 - What is the greenhouse effect and how is it...Ch. 14 - Compare the ways in which the troposphere and the...Ch. 14 - If the earths atmosphere were to disappear, what...Ch. 14 - Why does the average air temperature decrease...Ch. 14 - What are the two mechanisms by which energy of...Ch. 14 - Account for the abrupt changes in temperature...Ch. 14 - In the northern hemisphere, the longest day is in...Ch. 14 - If the earths axis were tilted more than its...Ch. 14 - The Tropic of Cancer is the most northerly...Ch. 14 - (a) At what times of year are the periods of...Ch. 14 - What is a solstice?Ch. 14 - Prob. 28ECh. 14 - Distinguish between an isobar and a millibar.Ch. 14 - A wind in the northern hemisphere starts to blow...Ch. 14 - Prob. 31ECh. 14 - Where in the atmosphere do the jet streams occur?...Ch. 14 - Prob. 33ECh. 14 - Prob. 34ECh. 14 - Prob. 35ECh. 14 - Prob. 36ECh. 14 - How does the weather associated with a cyclone...Ch. 14 - Prob. 38ECh. 14 - Prob. 39ECh. 14 - Prob. 40ECh. 14 - Prob. 41ECh. 14 - Prob. 42ECh. 14 - Prob. 43ECh. 14 - Prob. 44ECh. 14 - Prob. 45ECh. 14 - Prob. 46ECh. 14 - Prob. 47ECh. 14 - Prob. 48ECh. 14 - Prob. 49ECh. 14 - Prob. 50ECh. 14 - Prob. 51ECh. 14 - Prob. 52ECh. 14 - Prob. 53ECh. 14 - Prob. 54ECh. 14 - Prob. 55ECh. 14 - Prob. 56ECh. 14 - In what two ways do the oceans influence climates...Ch. 14 - England and Labrador are at about the same...Ch. 14 - The California Current along the California coast...Ch. 14 - Prob. 60ECh. 14 - Prob. 61E
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following best explains the condition of enhanced greenhouse effect?A. 81% of the radiation penetrating Earth’s atmosphere is of shorter wavelengths.B. UV-A and UV-B radiation exceeds 81% of the 1950 benchmark.C. infrared energy return to the earth is greater than 81%.D. re-radiation to outer space exceeds 81%.Reset SelectionMark for Review What’s This?arrow_forward1. A sphere of surface area 100 m and temperature 500 K radiates 0.2 MW. Calculate: a. The emissivity of the surface. b. The peak wavelength of radiation emitted. C. The intensity at a distance of 100m from the centre. d. The energy absorbed per second by a 2m disc with albedo 0.6 placed with it's plane perpendicular to the direction of the radiation. e. The temperature of the disc when it reaches equilibrium (emissivity of the disc = 1). P= eAoT A = 0.00289/T G- 5.67 x 10* Wm°K* Page 1 1 1 Q +arrow_forwardConsider a simple climate model in which the Earth's atmosphere is represented as a single layer that is transparent to solar radiation but has an absorptivity of 0.8 in the infrared. The Earth's overall albedo is 0.3. a) Draw a diagram to illustrate the contributions to the radiation budget above the atmosphere and directly above the surface. b) Calculate the temperature of the ground in this model. c) Calculate the temperature of the atmosphere in this model. d) An increase in carbon dioxide causes the infrared absorptivity of the atmosphere to increase by 2.6 %. Calculate the resulting change in surface temperature.arrow_forward
- Another name for heat is A. gamma B. ultraviolet C. infrared D. plasma E. microwavearrow_forwardWhich property of the Earth's atmosphere causes the greenhouse effect? The Earth's atmosphere allows radio waves to pass through, but it absorbs some ultraviolet radiation. The Earth's atmosphere allows radio waves to pass through, but it absorbs some infrared radiation. The Earth's atmosphere allows visible light to pass through, but it absorbs some infrared radiation. The Earth's atmosphere allows visible light to pass through, but it absorbs some ultraviolet radiation.arrow_forwardA meteorite enters the Earth's atmosphere at 10 times the speed of sound. If all of the kinetic energy of the meteorite goes into heating up the meteorite, approximately how hot would it get? A. About 300 degrees C. B. About 6000 degrees C C. About 30,000 degrees C D. About 100,000 degrees Carrow_forward
- What energy sources on Earth cannot be thought of as stored sunlight?arrow_forwardThe albedo of the Earth is about ___. (16.3)arrow_forward(a) Calculate the power per square meter reaching Earth's upper atmosphere from the Sun. (Take the power output of the Sun to be 4.001026 W.) (b) Part of this is absorbed and reflected by the atmosphere, so that a maximum of 1.30 kW/m2 reaches Earth's surface. Calculate the area in km 2 of solar energy collectors needed to replace an electric power plant that generates 750 MW if the collectors convert an average of 2.00% of the maximum power into electricity. (This small conversion efficiency is due to the devices themselves, and the fact that the sun is directly overhead only briefly.) With the same assumptions, what area would be needed to meet the United States' energy needs (1.051020J) ? Australia's energy needs (5.41018J) ? China's energy needs (6.31019J) ? (These energy consumption values are from 2006.)arrow_forward
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