Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251052
Author: Michael Cummings
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 6QP
Summary Introduction
To describe: The reasons that the presence of restriction enzymes inside the bacterial cell does not affect bacterial chromosomes.
Introduction: A restriction enzyme is a form of a protein that is produced by bacteria. These enzymes are also termed as “restriction endonucleases.” The restriction enzyme plays an important role in the production of recombinant DNA.
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reasons behind the presence of restriction enzymes inside the bacterial cell.
Introduction: A restriction enzyme is a form of a protein that is produced by bacteria. These enzymes are also termed as “restriction endonucleases.” The restriction enzyme plays an important role in the production of recombinant DNA.
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Restriction enzymes and DNA ligase play essential roles in DNA cloning. How is it that a bacterium that produces a restriction enzyme does not cut its own DNA?
Q4) What’s the evolutionary purpose of restriction enzymes? Why is the bacterial DNA not harmed in this process?
Q5) Restriction enzymes look for a very particular KIND OF sequence. What is that called. Give me an example of one.
As you know, restriction enzymes evolved in different bacterial species independently. The adaptive significance of having a restriction enzyme is that the bacterium has the ability to cut the injected viral DNA into small segments. This destruction of viral DNA prevents the virus from taking over the bacterial cell and killing the cell.
What is one benefit of using a restriction enzyme with staggered ends (such as EcoRI) to cut both the DNA insert and the plasmid?
Which types of cut sites (staggered with “sticky ends” or blunt ends) are most useful in cloning DNA?
Would you expect restriction enzymes in different bacteria genera (Streptococcus, Lactobacter, Escherichia) to have the same recognition sites (DNA sequences). Why or why not?
Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 13.5 - Do you think the way this issue was handled should...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 2EGCh. 13.7 - If you were offered the chance to have the genome...Ch. 13.7 - Prob. 2EGCh. 13 - Improving the nutritional value of food has long...Ch. 13 - Improving the nutritional value of food has long...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CSCh. 13 - What Are Clones? Cloning is a general term used...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2QPCh. 13 - Prob. 3QP
Ch. 13 - Prob. 4QPCh. 13 - Prob. 5QPCh. 13 - Prob. 6QPCh. 13 - Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process The following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8QPCh. 13 - Prob. 9QPCh. 13 - Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process Which enzyme...Ch. 13 - Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process In cloning...Ch. 13 - Prob. 12QPCh. 13 - Prob. 13QPCh. 13 - Prob. 14QPCh. 13 - Prob. 15QPCh. 13 - Cloned Libraries You are running a PCR to generate...Ch. 13 - Prob. 17QPCh. 13 - Prob. 18QPCh. 13 - Prob. 19QPCh. 13 - Analyzing Cloned Sequences A base change (A to T)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 21QPCh. 13 - Analyzing Cloned Sequences What kind of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 23QP
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- Cloning Genes Is a Multistep Process In cloning human DNA, why is it necessary to insert the DNA into a vector such as a bacterial plasmid?arrow_forwardA marine biologist and cancer researcher worked together to isolate the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from a sample of jellyfish DNA. Scientists have successfully inserted this gene into a cancerous tumor in humans in order for the tumor to glow so it can be more easily removed during surgery. Once extracted from the jellyfish, how can scientists produce multiple copies of the GFP gene for medical applications? 1. Gel electrophoresis 2. Polymerase chain reaction 3. Restriction enzyme digestion 4. Transgenic technologyarrow_forwardHow is bacterial DNA safe from digestion by Restriction Endonucleases? The plasmid of the bacteria provide antibiotic resistance Bacteriophage provide immunity to DNA degradation Foreign DNA outcompetes the chromosomal DNA Modification by methylation blocks the restriction enzyme actionarrow_forward
- What is the effect of using restriction enzymes that use 4, 6 or 8 base pairs on the size and number of expected fragments? What sequence do the restriction enzymes used in the lab recognize? How do they cut? And how would these different cuts effect cloning? (i.e. compare and contrast how overhang and blunt cuts will differ with cloning.) What organisms were the restriction enzymes used in this lab derived from? Why are restriction enzymes important for the organism that makes them? What is the purpose of multiple cloning sites on pUC19? What size were each of your plasmid fragments?arrow_forwardRestriction enzymes and DNA ligase play essential roles in DNA cloning. How is it that a bacterium that produces a restriction enzyme does not cut its own DNA? Describe some general features of restriction sites.arrow_forwardFor a molecular cloning experiment using the bacterial strain E. coli K12 is used to insert the gene rspL with pUC19. The first attempt utilized the restriction enzyme BamHI which did not produce any transformations. The second attempt utilized the restriction enzymes BamHI and EcoRI. Why was BamHI used first and what difference did the EcoRI do?arrow_forward
- What is a restriction digest? What does it mean if you were given a precut DNA?arrow_forwardWhat normal role do restriction enzymes play in bacteria? How do bacteria protect their own DNA from the action of restriction enzymes?arrow_forwarda) what are restriction enzymes? b) What is the main function of restriction enzymes in nature? c) Compare and contrast the these enzymes in nature and in scientific research.arrow_forward
- Transgenic bacteria can be used to make an alanine rich (GM) plant. Explain how bacteria can be used to produce large amounts as a cheap source of protein. Your explanation will include the role of: Restriction enzymes, plasmids, recombinant DNA, and bacteria.arrow_forwardThe genomic DNA of a bacterial cell is NOT destroyed by the cell’s own restriction enzymes because Choose an answer from below: the bacterial DNA is too small to contain the recognition sequence for the enzymes. the restriction sites are occupied by histones. the genome is protected by the nuclear membrane. the restriction recognition sequences in the genome are protected by a microRNA. none of the abovearrow_forwardSee the restriction enzyme map below. The total DNA length is 1800 base pairs. If this DNA is cut using three restriction enzymes, namely Kpnl, Sall and EcoRI, it yields four fragments with sizes of 390 bR. 810 bp, 270 bp www and 330 bp. Kpnl Sall EcoRI 390 810 270 330 1800 bp 1. If you were to subject this digested DNA to agarose gel electrophoresis, what would your gel look like? Draw a detailed picture of your gel. Remember to indicate the direction in which your DNA is moving and also show any reference samples. Also remember to show all components of your gel. 2. You are provided with coiled DNA and plasmid DNA that you subject to gel electrophoresis. Draw this gel. Remember to indicate the direction in which your DNA is moving and also show any reference samples. Also remember to show all components of your gel. Exac fragment sizes are not important.arrow_forward
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