Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 19RQ
There are several theories about how presynaptic inhibition works at the cellular level. Use what you have learned about membrane potentials and synaptic transmission to explain how each of the following mechanisms would result in presynaptic inhibition:
- a. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in axon terminal are inhibited.
- b. Cl− channels in axon terminal open.
- c. K+ channels in axon terminal open.
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Local anesthetic is often used in dentistry to lessen the sensation of pain during dental procedures. It prevents propagation of nerve conduction by decreasing the flow of ions.
a. Describe how depolarization of an action potential can be blocked by the use of local anesthetic. b. Your classmate explained that once the threshold potential has been reached, the inside charge of the neuron is more positive than the outside charge. Is she correct? Can you compare the inside charge to the outside charge in an axon treated with local anesthetic?
11) Compare the propagation speeds of an action potential along an axon that is 10 µM in diameter and one that is 20
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12) How would the velocity of action potential propagation change if you quadrupled the membrane conductance?
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13) You discover a mutation in mice that causes them to suddenly lose their myelin sheaths. How would this mutation
change the speed of action potential propagation and why?
9
When a neuron reaches threshold voltage, all voltage-gated channels are triggered to make conformational changes. The order in
which this happens comes down to the timing/speed/kinetics of the different gates on the channels. Put the following events in
the order they occur after a neuron reaches threshold voltage.
1. Voltage-gated K+ channels finish closing their gate.
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3. Voltage-gated Na+ channels close their inactivation gates, reducing Na+ permeability.
4. Voltage-gated K+ channels open their gate, increasing K+ permeability.
5. Voltage-gated Na+ channels reset to their original conformation.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 13.2 - List the general steps of a reflex pathway,...Ch. 13.2 - If a cell hyperpolarizes, does its membrane...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 13.3 - Draw a reflex map of the flexion reflex initiated...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 5CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 6CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - The pathway pattern that brings information from...
Ch. 13 - When the axon terminal of a modulatory neuron...Ch. 13 - Autonomic reflexes are also called _____ reflexes....Ch. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - Prob. 10RQCh. 13 - Prob. 11RQCh. 13 - Prob. 12RQCh. 13 - Prob. 13RQCh. 13 - Prob. 14RQCh. 13 - Prob. 15RQCh. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - At your last physical, your physician checked your...Ch. 13 - There are several theories about how presynaptic...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21RQCh. 13 - Prob. 22RQ
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