Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 13, Problem 11RQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: Whether the rate of sensory neuron firing increases or decreases when a skeletal muscle is stretched and the importance of this reflex.
Introduction: Stretch reflex is a muscle contraction which is initiated by stretching of the muscles. It provides automatic regulation of the length of the skeletal muscles.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 13.2 - List the general steps of a reflex pathway,...Ch. 13.2 - If a cell hyperpolarizes, does its membrane...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 13.3 - Draw a reflex map of the flexion reflex initiated...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 5CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 6CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - The pathway pattern that brings information from...
Ch. 13 - When the axon terminal of a modulatory neuron...Ch. 13 - Autonomic reflexes are also called _____ reflexes....Ch. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - Prob. 10RQCh. 13 - Prob. 11RQCh. 13 - Prob. 12RQCh. 13 - Prob. 13RQCh. 13 - Prob. 14RQCh. 13 - Prob. 15RQCh. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - At your last physical, your physician checked your...Ch. 13 - There are several theories about how presynaptic...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21RQCh. 13 - Prob. 22RQ
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- Define what the NMJ is and why it's important for muscle contraction. Explain in short the process of the NMJ signaling the muscle to contract. Note the difference between a motor unit and the NMJ.arrow_forwardPut these events that occur in skeletal muscle in the correct chronological sequence: 1. Activation of voltage-gated dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor in the T-tubule 2. Opening of mechanically-gated ryanodine receptors (RyR) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum 3. Na+ influx through ligand-gated ion channels on the motor end plate 4. Ca2+ binding to troponin 2, 1, 4, 3 4, 3, 2, 1 4, 3, 1, 2 3, 1, 4, 2 3, 1, 2, 4arrow_forwardWhich of the following step(s) about the excitation of skeletal muscle is/are incorrect? 1. Acetylcholine is released and binds to motor end plate receptors 2. An action potential is created and moves down T-tubules 3. Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum 4. Calcium ions bind to tropomyosin to shift troponin off the binding sites for cross-bridging 5. Myosin forms cross-bridges and binds with actin to pull it towards middle of sarcomerearrow_forward
- In light of the “all or none” law of muscle contraction, how can you explain twitch recruitment (also called the graded response) when stimulating the muscle versus stimulating the nerve? Explain the difference in stimulation voltage required to elicit a maximum response when stimulating the nerve versus the muscle directly?arrow_forwardMuscle spindle structures consist of: Extrafusal muscle fibers and gamma motor neurons Extrafusal muscle fibers and alpha motor neurons Golgi tendon organs and gamma motor neurons Intrafusal muscle fibers and gamma motor neuronsarrow_forwardA skeletal muscle can often maintain a moderate level of active tension for long periods of time, even though many of its fibers become fatigued Explain.arrow_forward
- From the following choices, choose the THREE, that would result in prevention of muscle contraction (in other words, which three descriptive changes below would result in flaccid paralysis of a muscle). exocytosis of acetylcholine is constant, even without action potential injection of botulinum toxin calcium cannot be pumped back into the terminal cisternae acetylcholine receptor remains open to sodium active sites on actin a permanently exposed dramatically increase the activity of acetylcholinesterase calcium cannot bind troponinarrow_forwarda) What happened to the number of fibers contracting as you increased the voltage? b) In light of the "all or none" law of muscle contraction, how can you explain the graded response?arrow_forwardA motor unit associated with the stimulation of skeletal muscle is designated as a 1:8 motor unit. Which of the following statements is correct? The motor unit consists of one somatic neuron and 8 myofibers (muscle fibers) Each of the myofibers in the motor unit is innervated by more than one neuron It is part of the autonomic nervous system The neuron in the motor unit is an afferent neuronarrow_forward
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