Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 13.3, Problem 5CC
Summary Introduction
To draw: The reflex map showing a crossed extensor reflex in the supporting leg to the map of the flexion reflex initiated by a painful stimulus to the sole of a foot.
Introduction: Any change in the environmental conditions that produce an involuntary response in the body is called stimulus. The responses that are produced by the body against stimuli are called reflex. The reflexes that cause the arm or leg pull away from the unfavorable stimulus are known as flexion reflex.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Given what you have learned from the first experiment, you prepare the other leg for a fresh experiment. When you add
acetylcholine to the preparation, the muscle contracts. You add curare, and again add acetylcholine to the preparation, and the
muscle does not contract. Based on these data, and the data from the first experiment, this means curare is potentially acting on:
Both the alpha motor neurons' ability to conduct action potentials, and the muscle's ability to conduct action potentials, but not on the
neuromuscular junction.
O Both the alpha motor neurons' ability to conduct action potentials, and the neuromuscular junction, but not the muscle's ability to conduct
action potentials.
O Both the neuromuscular junction and the muscle's ability to conduct action potentials, but not on the alpha motor neurons' ability to conduct
action potentials.
O It must only be affecting the muscle's ability to conduct action potentials.
O It must only be affecting the neuromuscular junction.
O…
1) Why do you think movement variability can be functional?
2) An example of a motor skill that requires movment variability, How does the concept of movment variabilty relate to this activity?
1. How would you modify this experiment so that the mass lifted by the muscle contraction continues to increase for every trial?
2. A pin can be pressed against the skin lightly and elicit no response from the pain receptor. However, if the pin is jabbed into the finger, the pain receptor may be stimulated and the finger would quickly be withdrawn through a reflex arc.
Use what you know about threshold potential and the all-or-none principle to explain different levels of sensation (light touch or pain).
Chapter 13 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 13.2 - List the general steps of a reflex pathway,...Ch. 13.2 - If a cell hyperpolarizes, does its membrane...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 13.3 - Draw a reflex map of the flexion reflex initiated...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 5CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 6CCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 7CCCh. 13 - Prob. 1RQCh. 13 - Prob. 2RQCh. 13 - The pathway pattern that brings information from...
Ch. 13 - When the axon terminal of a modulatory neuron...Ch. 13 - Autonomic reflexes are also called _____ reflexes....Ch. 13 - Prob. 6RQCh. 13 - Prob. 7RQCh. 13 - Prob. 8RQCh. 13 - Prob. 9RQCh. 13 - Prob. 10RQCh. 13 - Prob. 11RQCh. 13 - Prob. 12RQCh. 13 - Prob. 13RQCh. 13 - Prob. 14RQCh. 13 - Prob. 15RQCh. 13 - Prob. 16RQCh. 13 - Prob. 17RQCh. 13 - At your last physical, your physician checked your...Ch. 13 - There are several theories about how presynaptic...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20RQCh. 13 - Prob. 21RQCh. 13 - Prob. 22RQ
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- How does asynchronous flight muscle differ from that of synchronous? Which is capable of faster wing-beat frequency and why?arrow_forwardBased on the attached figure (Figure 16.15 in the textbook), how is galloping different from walking in this cat model? (A) Swing Stance- Е3 F E₁ Е2 Ез F LH RH LF RF Flexion- Extension Flexors (B) Walk LH LF RHO RF Trot LH LF RH Extensors (C) Extensors Flexors Stance Swing Pace LH LF RHO RF Gallop LH LF RH RF - (D) Reciprocal inhibition (V1, V2b) Time Flexor module E/R CE Flexor M muscles E/R Extensor module O Excitatory neuron (E) Inhibitatory neuron (I) Oa-Motor neuron (M) rla-INS (V1, V2b) M Extensor muscles Level of transection of spinal cord a) In walking, intervals for lifting each leg are longer than in galloping. O b) In walking, each leg is lifted in a specific sequential order, whereas in galloping the two hind legs are synchronized to be lifted at the same time followed by the front legs. O c) In walking, the interval at which each leg is moving is different, whereas in galloping thearrow_forwardArticle: Effect of Patterned Electrical Neuromuscular Stimulation on Vertical Jump in Collegiate Athletes This article presents research evidence regarding PENS (patterned electrical neuromuscular stimulation) and it’s effects on vertical jump of athletes. Please show a-e. a.) background b.) purpose c.) methods d.) results e.) conclusion Lastly, Reflect on the article. What did you learn? What made sense? What did you not understand or was confusing? What did you agree or disagree with? Do you have follow-up questions? How does this data apply to clinical practice? Will you clinically use this data?arrow_forward
- What is the correlation of the motor end plate with the skeletal muscles? Explain.arrow_forwardGIVE 3 EXERCISE THAT CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A NON - LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENT WITH LATERAL ROTATION AND MEDIAL ROTATION MOVEMENTarrow_forwardIn making maximal-effort arm movements (e.g., throwing, striking, projecting an object as far and fast as possible), why do humans often generate muscle force in a sequential pattern, starting from the trunk muscles, moving outward down the arm, and ending with the hand muscles—like a whip?arrow_forward
- Construct a graph for Experiment 1 to compare how variable forces affected the subject’s EMG. Plot the results from both forearms (dominant versus non-dominant) on the same graph. Include a full caption for the graph.arrow_forwardHow would the electrical pattern on the EMG change if the somatic motor neurons supplying the forearms were unable to send signals properly? How would this affect the muscles?arrow_forwardBriefly explain how MA and VR are related, and why it can be advantageous to have a forelimb lever with low VR. H▾▾ B I A▾ X₂ X² Ω· 66 Xarrow_forward
- GIVE 3 EXERCISES THAT CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A LOCOMOTOR MOVEMENT WITH LATERAL ROTATION AND MEDIAL ROTATION MOVEMENT AND WHY?arrow_forwardTo demonstrate muscle fatigue, a student held an 8 lb dumbbell in her hand and abducted her arm parallel to the floor. After 45 seconds, she has having difficulty holding that position so she rotated her hand 90 degrees. This allowed her to hold the dumbbell in position for an additional 20 seconds. Which of the following is the best explanation for this? A. Different motor units were contracting while others were relaxing. B. Muscles began to contract isotonically rather than isometrically. C. The load was reduced. D. The resistance to contraction was reduced. E. The change in position provided a greater range of motion at the shoulder.arrow_forwardWhat are 2 agonists and antagonists for medial arch control?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSON
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education