Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The given reaction equation to be predicted
Concept Introduction:
Addition reaction: A general reaction type in which a substance X-Y adds to the multiple bond of an unsaturated reactant to yield a saturated product that has only single bonds.
Hydrogenation (Addition of
(b)
Interpretation:
The given reaction equation to be predicted
Concept Introduction:
Addition reaction: A general reaction type in which a substance X-Y adds to the multiple bond of an unsaturated reactant to yield a saturated product that has only single bonds.
Halogenation (Addition of halogen molecule to alkenes): The addition of halogen molecules like
c)
Interpretation:
The given reaction equation to be predicted
Concept Introduction:
Addition reaction: A general reaction type in which a substance X-Y adds to the multiple bond of an unsaturated reactant to yield a saturated product that has only single bonds.
Hydrohalogenation (Addition of hydrogen halide to alkenes): The addition of hydrogen halide to a multiple bond to give an
Anti-Markovnikov’s rule: In the addition of
Markovnikov’s rule: In the addition of
(d)
Interpretation:
The given reaction equation to be predicted
Concept Introduction:
Addition reaction: A general reaction type in which a substance X-Y adds to the multiple bond of an unsaturated reactant to yield a saturated product that has only single bonds.
Hydration:
When alkene is undergoes hydration with water in the presence of sulfuric acid which yields the alcohol. In this reaction, the water molecule will behave like a hydrogen halide to the alkene which gives the addition product this reaction is known as a hydration reaction.
Alkene is reaction with water in the presence of sulfuric acid, first step is proton (
In hydration reaction, sulfuric acid is act as a proton donor, which is the driving force of the reaction. Hydration reaction will not go without acid (sulfuric acid).
Anti-Markovnikov’s rule: In the addition of
Markovnikov’s rule: In the addition of
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Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
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