Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 8LTB
Summary Introduction
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In nature, evolutionary transitions must act on preexisting traits and behaviors because selection does not start from scratch. This is commonly referred to as the ____________ principle.
Select the best working definition for evolution:
Change in species over time
Change in genotype frequencies in individuals over time
Change in genotype frequencies in a population over time
Change in allele frequencies in a population over time
According to the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation, all of the following slow down or stop evolution EXCEPT (choose as many as apply):
Group of answer choices
very small population
very large population
no one leaves or comes into the population
everyone has equal numbers of offspring
there are no mutations
there are lots of mutations
there is non- random mating
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Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
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- Evolution is a theory, so it is still only tentative. Once it is really a meaningful scientific discipline, it will become a law. Select one: O True False Darwin was meticulous in making several key observations that formed the foundation of his argument for his theory of evolution. Which of the following did Darwin NOT use in the formulation of his theory? Select one: O a. Individuals reproduce in excess. O b. There is a culling among offspring. O c. Keystone species are infrequently found in disturbed communities. O d. Variation exists in populations. O e. Traits are inherited across generations.arrow_forwardThe theory of evolution is most accurately described as... Just an opinion that some scientists hold about how living things change over time. An educated guess about how species originate. An idea about how acquired characteristics are passed on to subsequent generations. One possible explanation, among several scientific alternatives, about how species have come into existence. An overarching explanation, supported by much evidence, for how populations change over time.arrow_forwardList the premises of evolution by natural selection. What is the inevitable outcome?Variation; heritability; “struggle”/context; differential survival/reproductionarrow_forward
- The following illustrations represent two different patterns of evolution. Briefly discuss the differences in these two patterns with regard to how evolutionary change (on the x axis) occurs with respect to time (on the y axis). Evolutionary change Evolutionary change Timearrow_forwardFind two cases in the media (internet, TV, etc.) of a person (organization, etc.) attempting to describe and example of the process of Darwinian evolution but is incorrectly describing the evolution process using a Lamarckian approach to evolution. Give the following information for both cases: Source (Where you found it) In what ways are they mistakenly claiming that the evolutionary process is an example of Darwinian evolution? How do you know that they are really describing evolution through a Lamarckian process, not a Darwinian process?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT one of the four factors that contributes to evolution by producing and redistributing genetic variation (or contributes to microevolution as calculated by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium)? Group of answer choices Acclimatization Gene flow Genetic drift Recombination Mutationarrow_forward
- Indicate the appropriate mechanism(s) of evolution at work in the following: Remember that forces may oppose one another! Choose from: Non-random or Assortative mating Mutation Natural (but non-sexual) selection. etc.) Sexual selection Gene flow (Migration) Kin selection Genetic drift (Founder effect, Bottleneck, Prior to 1970 a population of moths with dark brown coloration blended in well with the trees they live on. Bird predation on the moths is very low in the population. In 1976 a deletion in the genetic code of an individual male moth occurred, resulting in a new color morph (White). The white moth was favored for mating by the wild females, and by 1980 14% of moths in the population exhibited the white color. Jays (birds that feed on moths) in the area could readily see these white moths and, once they had learned to look for them, eliminate the white moths from the population by 1981. Mechanism(s) observed from 1970-1976:arrow_forwardIn the given below option which of the following is not a component of evolution bynatural selection?1. Variation exists within a population.2. Organisms compete for resources.3. Individuals have different reproductive success.4. Organisms adapt due to environmental changes.5. Species are fixed.arrow_forwardA new phenotype arises due to a mistake that occurs during DNA replication in a germ line cell (which makes eggs/sperm) This violates the assumption of _______________because an evolutionary mechanism, ________________,is operating the population. (name the relevant Hardy-Weinberg assumptionand the evolutionary mechanism)arrow_forward
- Consider the following statements and indicate whether each presents an idea of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, of Charles Darwin or of both scientists. On the blank before the statement, write L for Lamarck, D for Darwin or B for both. _____ 1) An organism directs its own adaptations because of an inborn urge to be perfect (that is, to be better suited to the environment). _____ 2) Individuals do not evolve, but populations do. _____ 3) Individuals in a population exhibit variation in their traits, such that no two individuals are exactly alike. _____ 4) Many different kinds of living things are adapted to their environment. _____ 5) Members of a population who are better adapted to the environment have higher chances of survival and reproduction. _____ 6) Parents pass on their traits to their offspring. _____ 7) Species change gradually over many generations. _____ 8) Traits that an organism acquired during its lifetime can be transmitted to its offspring.arrow_forwardDescribe natural selection and give an example of natural selection at work in a population. Please elaborate or explain in 10-15 sentences, please?arrow_forwardBriefly discuss the differences in how a selectionist (one that believes that Natural Selection is a strong evolutionary force) and a neutralist (one that believes that genetic drift is a strong evolutionary force) views the following: molecular clock, evolution of coding sequences, evolution of "pseudogenes".arrow_forward
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