Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260432145
Author: Thomas T Arny, Stephen E Schneider Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 12, Problem 2TY
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Discuss the source of energy from the Sun.
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The capture of too few solar neutrinos by Davis in the solar neutrino experiment
a.
can be explained if the sun is not undergoing thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen in its core.
b.
indicates that the sun’s core is much cooler than expected.
c.
indicates that the sun’s core is much hotter than expected.
d.
indicates that the sun’s core is convective.
e.
is explained by none of the above.
From which atmospheric layer of the Sun did the photons originate that resulted in sunburn? How do you know?
The Sun's photosphere is
a. the central region where the Sun originates
b. the part of the Sun which the light comes that we see when we look at the Sun with our eyes
c. the hottest region of the Sun
d. the outermost layers of the Sun's atmosphere
e. the first region you would come to when leaving the core
Chapter 12 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Explorations: Introduction To Astronomy
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- Describe how energy makes its way from the nuclear core of the Sun to the atmosphere. Include the name of each layer and how energy moves through the layer.arrow_forwardSomeone suggests that astronomers build a special gamma-ray detector to detect gamma rays produced during the proton-proton chain in the core of the Sun, just like they built a neutrino detector. Explain why this would be a fruitless effort.arrow_forwardWhich of the following layers of the Sun can be seen with some type of telescope? Consider all forms of light, but do not consider neutrinos or other particles. (Give ALL correct answers in alphabetical order, i.e., B, AC, BCD...)A) Corona.B) Photosphere.C) Radiation Zone.D) Chromosphere.E) Convection Zone.F) Core.arrow_forward
- Describe the process as a photon (energy) created in the Sun's core makes its way out into space. Make sure to consider the different layers that the photon must pass through to reach the Sun's surface.arrow_forwardWhy does nuclear fusion only take place in the Sun’s core?arrow_forward1. The mass of the Sun is about 2x10³0 kg. The Sun was about 72% hydrogen when it first formed. About 11% of the total amount of the Sun's hydrogen is available for fusion within the Sun's core. [3 points] (a) What is the total mass of hydrogen available for fusion, in kg? (b) The Sun fuses about 600 billion kg of hydrogen each second. Calculate how long the Sun's initial supply of hydrogen can last. Give your answer in both seconds and years. Hint: use the result you calculated in part (a). (c) We know that our Solar System is about 4.5 billion years old. Using your calculation above, how much longer do we have until the Sun runs out of hydrogen?arrow_forward
- Suppose thermonuclear fusion in the Sun’s core stopped abruptly. Would the intensity of sunlight decrease just as abruptly? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhy do the magnetic fields lines of the sun get warped? a. effects of the solar wind b. surface of the sun is cooler near the poles c. uneven fusion rates in the core d. equator rotates more rapidly than the polesarrow_forwardAt the center of the sun, fusion converts hydrogen into: A) Helium B) Plutonium C) Water D) Carbonarrow_forward
- The sun’s energy comes from nuclear reactions that fuse lighter nuclei into heavier ones, releasing energy in the process. The solar fusion process begins when two protons (the nuclei of hydrogen atoms) merge to produce a deuterium nucleus. Deuterium is the “heavy” isotope of hydrogen, with a nucleus consisting of a proton and a neutron. To become deuterium, one of the protons that fused has to turn into a neutron. Our interest for now lies not with the nuclear physics but with the conditions that allow fusion to occur. Before two protons can fuse, they must come into contact. However, the energy required to bring two protons into contact is considerable because the electric potential energy of the two protons increases rapidly as they approach each other. Fusion occurs in the core of the sun because the ultra-high temperature there gives the protons the kinetic energy they need to come together. a. A proton…arrow_forwardSunspots are related to the Sun's a. core rotation b. magnetic field lines tangling c. gravitational fluxes d. rate of fusionarrow_forwardWhat do measurements of the number of neutrinos emitted by the Sun tell us about conditions deep in the solar interior?arrow_forward
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