General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134042428
Author: Laura D. Frost, S. Todd Deal
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 12, Problem 2IA.1Q
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The total number of ATP produced by one glucose completing glycolysis:
Introduction:
The glycolysis is the process of series of reactions converting the glucose molecules into two molecules of pyruvate along with the accessory trapping of the energy in the form of
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Anaerobic glycolysis (i.e., lactic acid fermentation) produces pyruvate that is then converted to lactate through the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. The conversion of pyruvate to lactate would seem to be an unnecessary step, since this process does not result in any further release of energy. Explain the necessity for the production of lactate as the endpoint for anaerobic glycolysis.
Refer to the following reaction. The substrate of this reaction is called
through a mechanism called "Feed Forward Activation".
(A) Phosphoenolpyruvate, Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
Lactate, NADH
OPO₂²-
ADP ATP
J = 4
O
H₂C
H₂C
2-phosphoglycerate, AMP
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, ATP
and the enzyme is activated by high conc. of
Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is the primary site for regulation of the glycolytic pathway. The activity of PFK is dependent on the energy status of the cell. Answer the following questions using a few words. This is not and essay!
a. Why would a cell regulate glycolysis?
b. What is the specific signal or molecule(s) to which PFK responds?
c. Why does this mechanism of regulation make sense?
Chapter 12 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.1PPCh. 12 - How can you identify an anabolic reaction?Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.3PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.4PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.5PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.6PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.7PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.8PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.9PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.10PP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.11PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.12PPCh. 12 - Name a carbohydrate (if any) that undergoes...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.14PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.15PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.16PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.17PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.18PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.19PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.20PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.21PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.22PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.23PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.24PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.25PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.26PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.27PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.28PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.29PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.30PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.31PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.32PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.33PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.34PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.35PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.36PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.37PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.38PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.39PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.40PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.41PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.42PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.43PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.44PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.45PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.46PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.47PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.48PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.49PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.50PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.51PPCh. 12 - Arachidic acid is a saturated C20 fatty acid. a....Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.53PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.54PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.55PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.56PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.57PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.58PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.59APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.60APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.61APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.62APCh. 12 - Identify the type of foodcarbohydrate, fat, or...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.64APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.65APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.66APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.67APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.68APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.69APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.70APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.71APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.72APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.73APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.74APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.75APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.76APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.77APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.78APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.79APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.80APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.81APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.82APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.83APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.84APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.85APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.86APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.87APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.88APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.89CPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.90CPCh. 12 - Laurie acid, a saturated Cl2 fatty acid, is found...Ch. 12 - A person is brought to the emergency room in what...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.93CPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.94CPCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.1QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.2QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.3QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.4QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.5QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.6QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.7QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.8QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.1QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.2QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.3QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.4QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.1QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.2QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.3QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.4QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.5QCh. 12 - Prob. 1ICCh. 12 - Prob. 2ICCh. 12 - Prob. 3IC
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Severe ketosis situations produce acidosis. Explain.arrow_forwardDraw the ATP - ADP Cycle and describe how each molecule (ATP, ADP, Phosphocreatine,carbohydrates) functions in this cycle. Part 2: Molecular Flowchart and RolesThere are four molecules: creatine, phosphocreatine, ATP, and ADP. Create a linear sequenceflowchart or pathway that illustrates how these molecules are interconnected during exercise.Describe the role of each molecule in the energy transfer process and explain how theycontribute to the generation and utilization of energy during exercise. Part 3: Effects of Hard Exercise Describe how vigorous exercise changes the levels of ATP, ADP, AMP, phosphocreatine,creatine, Pi (inorganic phosphate), IMP (inosine monophosphate), and ammonium in muscles.arrow_forwardThe rate-limiting step is a metabolic pathway is the slowest step which determines the overall rate of the other reactions in the pathway. In glycolysis, the rate limiting step is a phosphorylation reaction where phosphofructokinase (PFK-1) catalyzes the reaction fructose-6-bisphosphate -> fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, the same step in gluconeogenesis. Select one: The statement is FALSE. The statement is TRUE.arrow_forward
- There are eight chemical reactions that occur in the citric acid cycle process. The reactions of the citric acid cycle are shown in the figure below. You were introduced to several classes of organic reactions. These classes include esterification, decarboxylation, hydration reactions, dehydration of alcohols, oxidation of alcohols, oxidation of aldehydes, reduction of aldehydes, and reduction of ketones. Find at least one of these reaction classes in the citric acid cycle. List the reaction number and the reaction. Write a sentence or two on how you were able to make the classification.arrow_forwardTrypanosomes living in the bloodstream obtain all their free energy from glycolysis. They take up glucose from the host’s blood and excrete pyruvate as a waste product. In this part of their life cycle, trypanosomes do not carry out any oxidative phosphorylation, but they do use another oxygen-dependent pathway, which is absent in mammals, to oxidize NADH. Would this pathway be necessary if the trypanosome excreted lactate rather than pyruvate? Explain.arrow_forwardOne glucose molecule gives a yield of through oxidative phosphorylation. O 10: 6:32 O 10: 6:28 O 10; 2; 32 O 10; 2: 28 NADH and FADH₂, giving ATParrow_forward
- Which of the following four general statements is TRUE regarding oxidative phosphorylation (otherwise known as the electron transport chain)? Oxidative phosphorylation . 3 of these 4 responses are correct is the metabolic process where most of the cell's glucose is produced occurs along and within the innermost membrane of the mitochondria requires oxygen (02) in a very early stage of the process uses only the NADH produced in glycolysis (and not the Krebs (or citric acid) cycle) to produce ATParrow_forwardDetermine the number of ATP molecules that can be formed from the complete oxidation of 10 molecules of acetyl CoA. The overall net equation for the complete oxidation of acetyl CoA is provided below. Acetyl CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H₂O → 2CO2 + HS-CoA + 3NADH + 3H+ + FADH2 + GTP (Given: The oxidation of one NADH yields 2.5 ATP; the oxidation of one FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP; and one GDP yields 1 ATP.) O 10 ATP O 7,5 ATP O 100 ATP O 75 ATParrow_forwardA. What type of metabolic reaction is shown by the following reactions? CHOICES : Amphibolic, Anabolic, Catabolic Glycogen to glucose Acted upon by aminopeptidase Releases energy Translation Glucose converted to pyruvate TCA cycle Energy expenditure Production of carbamoyl phosphate Krebs-Henseleit cycle Normally occurs in the ER Arginine production in urea cycle Fatty acids to phospholipids Glucose converted to glycogen Triglycerides to ATP Normally occurs in the power house of the cell B. Where do the following reactions take place in the cell? CHOICES : Mitochondria, Cytosol, Nucleus, All choices Condensation of citrulline and aspartate Cleavage of argininosuccinate Condensation of ammonia, carbon dioxide and ATP Hydrolysis of arginine Transfer of carbamoyl group C. What by-product/s are generated from these reactions. CHOICES : argininosuccinate, carbamoyl phosphate,arginine ,citrulline, urea, fumarate Condensation of citrulline and aspartate Cleavage of argininosuccinate…arrow_forward
- Consider this chemical reaction. What chemical is the oxidizing agent? COO™ HIC-H HIC-H FAD FADH₂ COO™ succinate FADH2 succinate FAD fumarate succinate dehydrogenase COO™ H-C -H COO fumaratearrow_forwardTPP is a coenzyme for transketolase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a ketopentose (xylulose- 5-phosphate) and an aldopentose (ribose-5-phosphate) to an aldotriose (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) anda ketoheptose (sedoheptulose-7-phosphate). Notice that the total number of carbons in the reactants and products is the same (5 + 5 = 3 + 7). Propose a mechanism for this reaction.arrow_forwardThe enzyme that catalyzes reaction below can be classified as: NAD* NADH + H* Но- H-Ć- Н—с—н H- malate dehydrogenase Oxaloacetate Malatearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305960060
Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Organic And Biological Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305081079
Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)
Publisher:Cengage Learning,
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285853918
Author:H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning