General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134042428
Author: Laura D. Frost, S. Todd Deal
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 12.90CP
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The turns of the citric acid cycle for the two carbons from an acetyl group entering the citric acid cycle to be liberated as carbon dioxide.
Introduction:
The major sets of catabolic reactions in the cell are
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Which of the following substances can be considered as metabolic intermediates?
Water
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Why does the loss of carbon dioxide make the citric acid cycle irreversible?
How many molecules of water are produced
by the electron transport chain during the
complete aerobic oxidation of 1 molecule of
stearate (C18:0) to CO2 and water?
Chapter 12 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (3rd Edition)
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.1PPCh. 12 - How can you identify an anabolic reaction?Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.3PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.4PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.5PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.6PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.7PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.8PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.9PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.10PP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.11PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.12PPCh. 12 - Name a carbohydrate (if any) that undergoes...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.14PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.15PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.16PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.17PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.18PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.19PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.20PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.21PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.22PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.23PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.24PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.25PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.26PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.27PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.28PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.29PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.30PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.31PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.32PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.33PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.34PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.35PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.36PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.37PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.38PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.39PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.40PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.41PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.42PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.43PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.44PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.45PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.46PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.47PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.48PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.49PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.50PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.51PPCh. 12 - Arachidic acid is a saturated C20 fatty acid. a....Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.53PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.54PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.55PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.56PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.57PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.58PPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.59APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.60APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.61APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.62APCh. 12 - Identify the type of foodcarbohydrate, fat, or...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.64APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.65APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.66APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.67APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.68APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.69APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.70APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.71APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.72APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.73APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.74APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.75APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.76APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.77APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.78APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.79APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.80APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.81APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.82APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.83APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.84APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.85APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.86APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.87APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.88APCh. 12 - Prob. 12.89CPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.90CPCh. 12 - Laurie acid, a saturated Cl2 fatty acid, is found...Ch. 12 - A person is brought to the emergency room in what...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.93CPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.94CPCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.1QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.2QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.3QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.4QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.5QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.6QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.7QCh. 12 - Prob. 1IA.8QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.1QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.2QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.3QCh. 12 - Prob. 2IA.4QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.1QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.2QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.3QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.4QCh. 12 - Prob. 3IA.5QCh. 12 - Prob. 1ICCh. 12 - Prob. 2ICCh. 12 - Prob. 3IC
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- Write a generalized chemical equation, containing acronyms, for the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP.arrow_forwardEnergy from the breakdown of citrate (formed from acetyl groups) is captured by what compound in steps 3, 4, and 8 of the citric acid cycle?arrow_forwardHow much energy is released as ATP from the complete oxidation of stearic acid (CH3(CH2)16COOH)?arrow_forward
- Which metabolic pathway is directly responsible for the production of the most ATP molecules?arrow_forwardWhy is the citric acid cycle considered to be part of the aerobic catabolic pathways, even though oxygen is not directly involved in any step in the cycle?arrow_forwardIn the electron transport chain, the hydrogen ions enter the inner compartment of mitochondria through special channels formed by A. ATP synthase. B. coenzyme A. C. acetyl CoA. D. oxygen.arrow_forward
- The average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to ATP synthesis operate at 50% thermodynamic efficiency, about 5850 kJ ends up in the form of synthesized ATP. The average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to ATP synthesis operate at 50% thermodynamic efficiency, about 5850 kJ ends up in the form of synthesized ATP. Imagine that creatine phosphate, rather than ATP, is the universal energy carrier molecule in the human body. Assume that the cellular concentrations of creatine phosphate, creatine, and phosphate are 21.7 mM, 2.17×10-3 mM, and 6.30 mM, respectively. Calculate the weight of creatine phosphate that would need to be consumed each day by a typical adult human if creatine phosphate could not be recycled. Estimate the free energy of hyrdolysis of creatine phosphate under cellular conditions to determine how many moles are required. Use the standard…arrow_forwardHow many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made per glucose put in to glycolysis? How many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made per pyruvate put in to the Krebs Cycle? How many electron carrier molecules (both NADH and FADH₂) are made by the Krebs Cycle per glucose consumed by the organism? How many electron carrier molecules in total (both NADH and FADH₂) have been made from a single glucose after both glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle? How many electrons are being carried from glucose at this point (Hint: 2 per molecule)?arrow_forwardRigor mortis, the stiffening of muscles. after death is due to the depletion of intracellular ATP. Provide the biochemical basis of rigor mortisarrow_forward
- What is the total equation for the citric acid cycle?arrow_forwardWhat compound is produced during strenuous exercise, when the muscles are depleted of oxygen? pyruvate carbon dioxide lactate ethanol NADPHarrow_forwardWhy is oxidation important during the citric acid cycle? O The oxidation allows for isomerization The oxidation attaches acetyl coa to oxaloacetate O The oxidation produces CO2 The oxidation of a molecule in the citric acid cycle produces NADH or FADH2arrow_forward
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