Concept explainers
To determine: The rights that death penalty inmates should have with regard to DNA testing of old evidence, as from 1977 to 2000, 12 convicts were executed in Illinois and in same period, 13 death row inmates were exonerated based on DNA evidence. In 2000, the governor of Illinois declared a moratorium on all execution I his state because the death penalty system was “fraught with errors”.
Introduction: DNA testing is a technique in which a sample of DNA is tested in laboratory to generate information about it to link and identity with the source sample; it can also be used to compare two or more sample. DNA testing can also help police and government officials locate and identify its origin and whom it belong.
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Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
- The DNA profile of each individual is highly specific. The chances of two people having exactly the same DNA profile is 30,000 million to 1 (except for identical twins). Given a set of DNA profiles in figure 3, determine who the father is in a paternity case. The Case: Missis De Los Santos has a daughter who is in need of a liver transplant. Unfortunately, Mrs. De Los Santos was ruled out as a donor. She was asked to ask if her daughter's father could also go for a check-up for donor compatibility. Mrs. De Los Santos believes one of two men is her daughter's father. Who between the men is the daughter's father? Determine who the father in the case is by comparing the DNA profiles of the persons involved in the case. At the end of your profiling activity, you will know that you have correctly figured out who the father is if you have accounted where all the DNA markers of the daughter came from. Figure: Mother Probable Dad 1 Probable Dad 2 Daughter | | || ||||||arrow_forwardCan you please check my answer and see if it is correct. Question: In addition to master mix, what else must be added to each PCR tube? Why? Answer: In addition to master mix, the primers must be added to the PCR tubes. Each tube is also reserved for one individual’s specific section of DNA. So not only do primers needed to be added that are made specifically for the person’s DNA, but the DNA itself from the suspect needs to be added to the PCR tubes (DNA template strand). We also must have a control which contains sterile water, and one PCR tube reserved for DNA from the crime scene.arrow_forwardThe key portion of the autoradiograph from a single locus probe analysis of various DNA samples in a rape investigation is shown in this figure. (Please refer to the attached Picture) Samples of DNA were loaded into the following lanes: (based on the picture) known blood sample of victim known blood sample from defendant DNA size markers female fraction from vaginal swab of victim male fraction from vaginal swab of If you are the DNA analyst, you should conclude that: A. The suspect is guilty B. The suspect might be guilty, but more probes should be used. Explain your answer and Provide Conclusion.arrow_forward
- The following gel shows the results of a crime scene investigation. Lane 1 shows a DNA sample that was obtained from the scene of a crime (there was evidence of the criminal cutting himself, so it's the criminal's blood sample that produced the DNA bands in lane 1). Lanes 2-7 shows a DNA sample from six potential suspects held in connection with the crime. Arrange the bands labeled A, B, C, D from largest to smallest. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 OC, A, D, B A, B, C, D OB, D, A, C O D, A, C, Barrow_forwardWhat are some examples of ethical questions raised by the medicaluse of DNA technology?arrow_forwardWhat sorts of laws (if any) do you think should be passed regarding the confidentiality of genetic analysis test results? Justify your opinion.arrow_forward
- 1. These gels represent different cases. Do either of these gels eliminate the alleged father from being the real father? Do either of these gels prove the alleged father is the real father? 0 ITE Crime Scene aaaava ... ... ... .. yaaava ... 000 0.. ..... 2. You isolate DNA from a crime scene and a suspect and then analyze a variable region by PCR and gel electrophoresis. Your results look like this Suspect From this you conclude A. The suspect committed the crime B. The suspect was at the crime scene C. The suspect could not have been at the crime scene D. The suspect did not commit the crime E. The suspect could have been at the crime scene, but more genes must be examinedarrow_forwardDr. Lydia Villa-Komaroff... O developed methods to use PCR to analyze crime scenes, and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences. developed methods to generate recombinant insulin and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences. O developed methods to sequence DNA, and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences. O discovered restriction endonucleases, and was the third Mexican-American woman in the US to receive a doctorate degree in the sciences.arrow_forwardCan you please check my answer and make sure it is correct. Question: Describe the two roles primers play in PCR. Answer: Primers are short sequences of single stranded DNA that mark both the ends of the target sequence to be amplified during PCR. One primer attaches to the top strand at one end (forward primer) and the other one attaches to the bottom strand at the other end of the segment (reverse primer). They are made specifically to attach to these sections of DNA because the nucleotides of the primers are complementary to the target sequence. Other than marking the starting and end points for PCR, primers are also necessary for the process because without them, DNA polymerase wouldn’t be able to synthesize the complementary strand of DNA because it can only add nucleotides to an existing piece.arrow_forward
- You are a forensic scientist in charge of DNA samples in a case where a man was murdered. You conduct gel electrophoresis on the samples to determine the DNA profile of the samples. The rows of bands have been marked to make it easier to reference the bands. The sample marked 'evidence' came from under the victim's fingernails, likely indicating a struggle. There are two suspects in the case, both of whom are brothers, they are marked suspect 1 and suspect 2, for brother 1 and brother 2, respectfully. Does the evidence collected match the DNA profiles of either brother? If yes, which one? If no, then would it be likely that the actual criminal is a family member of the brothers? If yes, what could the relation be (mom, dad, cousin, aunt, or uncle)? Note: there is a sister in their family, their parents are both still alive, and they have a robust extended family. The brothers are not twins.arrow_forwardWhat is DNA phenotyping, and how do law enforcement agencies use this profiling method?arrow_forwardPick one (1) of the five (5) principles developed by the Ethics Committee for the Human Genome Organization that must be considered when the global community is confronted by new technology. Why do you feel that principle is MOST important.arrow_forward
- Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning