Integrated Science
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862602
Author: Tillery, Bill W.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill,
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Chapter 12, Problem 17CQ
To determine
The definition of the red giant star, the circumstances that lead to the creation of a red giant star and how it can be brighter if it is subjected to a lower surface temperature.
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3. a) Explain how it is possible for the core of a red giant to contract at the same time that its
outer layers expand. b) What is the asymptotic giant branch? Where is it located on a
Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram? Describe how asymptotic giant branch stars differ
from main-sequence stars and stars on the red giant branch.
What kind of star is most likely to become a white-dwarf supernova?
A. a star like our Sun
B. a white dwarf star with a red giant binary companion
C. a pulsar
D. an O star
Is the answer B?
For D, as the surface temperature of a star would change over time so spectral type cannot tell us about the fate of the stars?
A group of graduate students, bored during a cloudy night at a the observatory, begin to make bets about the time different stars will take to evolve.
If they have a cluster of stars which were all born roughly the same time, and want to know which star will become a red giant first, which of the following stars should they bet on?
a. a star that would type O on the main sequence star
b. a star about 1/2 the mass of our sun
c. a star about 8% the mass of our sun
d. all stars reach the red giant stage in roughly the same number of years
Chapter 12 Solutions
Integrated Science
Ch. 12.1 - Stars twinkle and planets do not twinkle because...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 2SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 3SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 4SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 5SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 6SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 7SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 8SCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 9SCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 10SC
Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 11SCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 12SCCh. 12 - What is a light-year, and how is it defined?Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CQCh. 12 - Prob. 3CQCh. 12 - What is the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?Ch. 12 - Prob. 5CQCh. 12 - Prob. 6CQCh. 12 - Prob. 7CQCh. 12 - Prob. 8CQCh. 12 - Prob. 9CQCh. 12 - Prob. 10CQCh. 12 - Prob. 11CQCh. 12 - Prob. 12CQCh. 12 - Prob. 13CQCh. 12 - Prob. 14CQCh. 12 - Prob. 15CQCh. 12 - Prob. 16CQCh. 12 - Prob. 17CQCh. 12 - Prob. 18CQCh. 12 - Prob. 19CQCh. 12 - Prob. 20CQCh. 12 - Prob. 21CQCh. 12 - Prob. 22CQCh. 12 - Analyze when apparent magnitude is a better scale...Ch. 12 - Prob. 24CQCh. 12 - Prob. 25CQCh. 12 - Prob. 1PEACh. 12 - Prob. 2PEACh. 12 - Prob. 3PEACh. 12 - Prob. 4PEACh. 12 - Prob. 5PEACh. 12 - Prob. 6PEACh. 12 - Prob. 7PEACh. 12 - Prob. 8PEACh. 12 - Prob. 9PEACh. 12 - Prob. 10PEACh. 12 - Prob. 11PEACh. 12 - Prob. 1PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 4PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 5PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 6PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 7PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 8PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 9PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 10PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 11PEB
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- For each statement concerning main sequence stars, select T True, F False, G Greater than, L Less than, or E Equal to. A) The surface temperature of a O type star is .... than a K type star. B) On the main sequence, the mass of a O type star is .... than a F type star. C) On the main sequence, a M type star's life is .... than a G type star. D) The surface temperature of our Sun is .... than the surface temperature of Sirius. E) When stars start hydrogen burning, thier mass determines where they are on the main sequence. F) Based on the relative lifes of M and G type stars we expect the number of M stars to be .... than the number of G type stars.arrow_forwardAll massive main sequence stars reside in clouds of glowing gas. The four powerful stars in the center of the Orion Nebula are good examples. Lower mass stars like the Sun generally don't have clouds of gas around them. a. Why do powerful stars reside in gas clouds? b. What is making the gas glow exactly? For the last question, refer to the surface temperature of these stars, and to Wien's Law.arrow_forwardThe Hertzsprung-Russell diagram contains a region called the main sequence. Stars on this sequence have specific characteristics not found in other stars. What are these characteristics? a.Stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram main sequence have roughly the same age. b.Stars on the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram are all roughly the same radius. c.Stars on the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram have an orderly arrangement of stellar masses, decreasing in mass from lower right to upper left. d.Stars on the main sequence of a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram do not produce heavy elements like iron. e.Stars on the main sequence of a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram all generate energy from nuclear fusion. f.None of the mentioned choices. Aristotle was a great Greek philosopher with many amazing ideas. Which of these statements about him is not true? a.Many of his claims about physics and astronomy were wrong. b.He was the first person to recognize…arrow_forward
- Based on what you know about main-sequence stars, select all of the correct statements from the following list. 1. Since the interiors of stars cannot be observed, there are no theories about their structure. 2. More massive stars are hotter and brighter. 3. The weight of a star must be balanced by internal pressure. 4. More massive stars live longer; they take longer to use up all their energy. 5. Stars change position on the main sequence throughout their lives. 6. Outward energy flow in a star is by conduction only.arrow_forwardThe sketch below shows an H-R diagram for a star cluster. Consider the star to which the arrow points. How is it currently generating energy? Temperature A. by hydrogen shell burning around an inert helium core B. by gravitational contraction C. by core hydrogen fusion D.by core helium fusion combined with hydrogen shell burning E. by both hydrogen and helium shell burning around an inert carbon core Luminosity -→arrow_forwardDescribe the evolution of a star with a mass similar to that of the Sun, from the protostar stage to the time it first becomes a red giant. Give the description in words and then sketch the evolution on an HR diagram.arrow_forward
- Describe what happens when a star forms. Begin with a dense core of material in a molecular cloud and trace the evolution up to the time the newly formed star reaches the main sequence.arrow_forwardWhich of the following can you determine about a star without knowing its distance, and which can you not determine: radial velocity, temperature, apparent brightness, or luminosity? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following binary star systems cannot exist? A. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance. B. A 15 solar-mass main sequence star and a 10 solar mass red giant with a size 100 times smaller than the orbital distance. C. A 1 solar-mass main sequence star and a 4 solar-mass main sequence star. D. A 2 solar-mass main sequence star and a 1 solar mass red giant with a size a few times smaller than the orbital distance.arrow_forward
- "51 Pegasi" is the name of the first normal star (besides the Sun) around which a planet was discovered. It is in the constellation Pegasus the horse. Its parallax is measured to be 0.064 arcsec. a. What is its distance from us? b. The apparent brightness is 1.79 × 10-10 J/(s·m2 ). What is the luminosity? How does that compare with that of the Sun? Look up the temperature: how doarrow_forwardChoose the correct statements from the following list referring to white dwarfs. (Give ALL correct answers, i.e. B, AB, BCD...) A) Stars with a mass like the Sun will end up as a white dwarf star. B) White dwarfs with mass greater than 1.4 times the Sun's mass cannot exist. C) White dwarfs are less dense than red giants. D) The pressure that balances gravity in a white dwarf is called degenerate electron pressure. E) White dwarfs cool slowly because they are small and eventually fade-out to become black dwarfs. F) The power source of white dwarfs is left-over heat. G) White dwarfs are the coolest main sequence stars.arrow_forwardZebulon is a binary star system composed of a 10 M sun main sequence star and a 1 M sun red giant. Is this strange? yes or no. explain the reasoning.arrow_forward
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