Integrated Science
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862602
Author: Tillery, Bill W.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill,
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Question
Chapter 12, Problem 5CQ
To determine
The structure, interior density, pressure and temperature conditions of an average star such as the Sun.
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Astronomers use two basis properties of stars to classify them. These two properties are luminosity and surface temperature. Luminosity usually refers to the brightness of the star relative to the brightness of our sun. Astronomers will often use a star’s color to measure its temperature. Stars with low temperatures produce a reddish light while stars with high temperatures shine with a brilliant blue—white light. Surface temperatures of stars range from 3000o C to 50,000o C. When these surface temperatures are plotted against luminosity, the stars fall into groups. Using the data similar to what you will plot in this activity, Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung and United States astronomer Henry Norris Russell independently arrived at similar results in what is now commonly referred to as the HR Diagram.
Procedures:1. Read the Background Information
2. On the graph paper provided. Place a number next to the star according to its luminosity and surface temperature listed in the data…
How hot is the sun?
The Sun's photosphere is
a. the central region where the Sun originates
b. the part of the Sun which the light comes that we see when we look at the Sun with our eyes
c. the hottest region of the Sun
d. the outermost layers of the Sun's atmosphere
e. the first region you would come to when leaving the core
Chapter 12 Solutions
Integrated Science
Ch. 12.1 - Stars twinkle and planets do not twinkle because...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 2SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 3SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 4SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 5SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 6SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 7SCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 8SCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 9SCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 10SC
Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 11SCCh. 12.7 - Prob. 12SCCh. 12 - What is a light-year, and how is it defined?Ch. 12 - Prob. 2CQCh. 12 - Prob. 3CQCh. 12 - What is the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram?Ch. 12 - Prob. 5CQCh. 12 - Prob. 6CQCh. 12 - Prob. 7CQCh. 12 - Prob. 8CQCh. 12 - Prob. 9CQCh. 12 - Prob. 10CQCh. 12 - Prob. 11CQCh. 12 - Prob. 12CQCh. 12 - Prob. 13CQCh. 12 - Prob. 14CQCh. 12 - Prob. 15CQCh. 12 - Prob. 16CQCh. 12 - Prob. 17CQCh. 12 - Prob. 18CQCh. 12 - Prob. 19CQCh. 12 - Prob. 20CQCh. 12 - Prob. 21CQCh. 12 - Prob. 22CQCh. 12 - Analyze when apparent magnitude is a better scale...Ch. 12 - Prob. 24CQCh. 12 - Prob. 25CQCh. 12 - Prob. 1PEACh. 12 - Prob. 2PEACh. 12 - Prob. 3PEACh. 12 - Prob. 4PEACh. 12 - Prob. 5PEACh. 12 - Prob. 6PEACh. 12 - Prob. 7PEACh. 12 - Prob. 8PEACh. 12 - Prob. 9PEACh. 12 - Prob. 10PEACh. 12 - Prob. 11PEACh. 12 - Prob. 1PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 4PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 5PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 6PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 7PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 8PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 9PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 10PEBCh. 12 - Prob. 11PEB
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- A star such as our Sun will eventually evolve to a “red giant” star and then to a “white dwarf” star. A typical white dwarf is approximately the size of Earth, and its surface temperature is about 2.4 × 104 K. A typical red giant has a surface temperature of 3.2 × 103 K and a radius ~90000 times larger than that of a white dwarf. Take the radius of the red giant to be 6 × 1010 m. What is the average radiated power per unit area of the red giant?_________W/m2 What is the average radiated power per unit area of the white-dwarf?________W/m2 What is the total power radiated by the red giant? _________W What is the total power radiated by the white dwarf? ________W Please show full work! Thank you!arrow_forwardTutorial Star A has a temperature of 6,000 K. How much energy per second (in J/s/m²) does it radiate onto a square meter of its surface? If the temperature of Star A decreases by a factor of 2, the energy will decrease by a factor of Star B has a temperature that is 5 times higher than Star A. How much more energy per second (compared to Star A) does it radiate onto a square meter of its surface? Part 1 of 4 The energy of a star is related to its temperature by E = OTA where o = 5.67 x 10-8 J/s/m²/K4. Part 2 of 4 To determine how much energy Star A is radiating, we just plug in the temperature to solve for EA. EA J/s/m²arrow_forwardCalculate the Sun's average density using this formula: V = 4 /3 π r 3 where V = volume (m3) and r = radius (m) ρ = m /V where ρ = density (kg/m3), m = mass (kg), and V = volume (m3arrow_forward
- Tutorial Star A has a temperature of 5,000 K. How much energy per second (in J/s/m2) does it radiate from a square meter of its surface? If the temperature of Star A decreases by a factor of 2, the energy will decrease by a factor of Star B has a temperature that is 5 times higher than Star A. How much more energy per second (compared to Star A) does it radiate from a square meter of its surface? Part 1 of 4 The energy of a star is related to its temperature by E = GT4 where σ = 5.67 x 10-8 J/s/m2/K4. Part 2 of 4 To determine how much energy Star A is radiating, we just plug in the temperature to solve for EA. EA = J/s/m² Submit Skip (you cannot come back)arrow_forwardWhat is the approximate temperature of the sun at its chromosphere ?arrow_forwardWhat changes would you notice if the sun emitted radiation at an effective temperature of 2000 K instead of 5762 K.arrow_forward
- If the radius of the sun is 7.001×105 km, what is the average density of the sun in units of grams per cubic centimeter? The volume of a sphere is (4/3)π r3. The sun is a sphere with an estimated mass of 2.00×1030 kg. What exactly is the conversion process for this?arrow_forwardWhich of the following layers of the Sun can be seen with some type of telescope? Consider all forms of light, but do not consider neutrinos or other particles. (Give ALL correct answers in alphabetical order, i.e., B, AC, BCD...)A) Corona.B) Photosphere.C) Radiation Zone.D) Chromosphere.E) Convection Zone.F) Core.arrow_forwardThe brightness of a "young" star sometimes increases and decreases as a result of regional areas of "hot" and "cold" on the star's surface as well as variations in the density of the star's planet-forming debris, which can obstruct light. Suppose that for a particular star, the average magnitude (measure of brightness) is 4.3 with a variation of ±0.31 (on the magnitude scale, brighter objects have a smaller magnitude than dimmer objects). Furthermore, the magnitude of a star is initially observed to be 4.61, and the time between minimum brightness and maximum brightness is 6.4 days. Write a simple harmonic motion model to describe the magnitude Mof the star for day t.arrow_forward
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