Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337793612
Author: PECK, Roxy.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 11.6, Problem 71E
The article “Rapid Evolutionary Response to a Transmissible Cancer in Tasmanian Devils” (nature.com/articles/ncomms12684, retrieved December 20, 2016) describes the spread of devil facial tumor disease (DFTD), which is a fatal form of cancer that swept through the Tasmanian devil population near the beginning of the 21st century. Researchers studied the genetic reaction of the Tasmanian devils by comparing the rates of occurrence of specific genetic markers of interest before and after DFTD swept across the island.
One region of Tasmania is called West Pencil Pine. Analysis of 21 tissue specimens taken from a representative sample of Tasmanian devils living in West Pencil Pine in 2006, before DFTD swept through, revealed that 5% had a specific genetic marker. Also analyzed were 42 tissue specimens from a representative sample of devils living in the same region in 2013 and 2014, after DFTD. In this sample, 43% had the same genetic marker. A significant and substantial change in these rates would indicate a remarkably fast evolution in the genetic code of the Tasmanian devils to protect against DFTD.
- a. Explain why the data from this study should not be analyzed using a large-sample hypothesis test for the difference in two population proportions.
- b. Use the output at the top of the page from the Shiny app “Randomization Test for Two Proportions” to carry out a hypothesis test to determine if there is convincing evidence that the proportion of Tasmanian devils with the genetic marker was greater after DFTD than before DFTD.
- c. Use the output from the Shiny app “Bootstrap Confidence Interval for Difference in Two Proportions” to identify a 95% confidence interval for the difference in the rates of occurrence of the specific genetic marker in the genes of Tasmanian devils, before and after DFTD. Interpret the confidence interval in context.
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Data originally from DASL http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/DASL/Datafiles/CancerSurvival.html (Links to an external site.).
Some bronchial cancer patients had the following survival times (in days) after receiving a certain treatment: 20, 37, 63, 64, 72, 81, 138, 151, 155, 166, 166, 223, 245, 246, 450, 459. (The second instance of “166” is not a mistake.)
Do these numbers suggest that the average survival time, for all bronchial cancer patients who receive that treatment, is significantly different from 200 days?
CANCER SURVIVAL
Report an appropriate one-sample hypothesis test and use a 10% significance level.
For Step 5 of the six-step process that was taught in this class, which would be the appropriate procedure and why? Choose the correct option.
Group of answer choices
We would do a t-procedure because we have the standard deviation.
We would do a t-procedure because the sample size is large.
We would do a t-procedure because we do not have the population standard deviation and…
Chapter 11 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
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