Managerial Accounting
Managerial Accounting
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337912020
Author: Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. Tayler
Publisher: South-Western College Pub
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Chapter 10, Problem 4PA

Effect of proposals on divisional performance

A condensed income statement for the Commercial Division of Maxell Manufacturing Inc. for the year ended December 31, 20Y9, is as follows:

Chapter 10, Problem 4PA, Effect of proposals on divisional performance A condensed income statement for the Commercial

Assume that the Commercial Division received no allocations from support departments. The president of Maxell Manufacturing has indicated that the division’s return on a $2,500,000 investment must be increased to at least 21% by the end of the next year if operations are to continue. The division manager is considering the following three proposals:

Proposal 1: Transfer equipment with a book value of $312,500 to other divisions at no gain or loss and lease similar equipment. The annual lease payments would exceed the amount of depreciation expense on the old equipment by $105,000. This increase in expense would be included as part of the cost of goods sold. Sales would remain unchanged.

Proposal 2: Purchase new and more efficient machining equipment and thereby reduce the cost of goods sold by $560,000 after considering the effects of depreciation expense on the new equipment. Sales would remain unchanged, and the old equipment, which has no remaining book value, would be scrapped at no gain or loss. The new equipment would increase invested assets by an additional $1,875,000 for the year.

Proposal 3: Reduce invested assets by discontinuing a product line. This action would eliminate sales of $595,000, reduce cost of goods sold by $406,700, and reduce operating expenses by $175,000. Assets of $1,338,000 would be transferred to other divisions at no gain or loss.

Instructions

  1. 1. Using the DuPont formula for return on investment, determine the profit margin, investment turnover, and return on investment for the Commercial Division for the past year.
  2. 2. Prepare condensed estimated income statements and compute the invested assets for each proposal.
  3. 3. Using the DuPont formula for return on investment, determine the profit margin, investment turnover, and return on investment for each proposal. Round the investment turnover and return on investment to one decimal place.
  4. 4. Which of the three proposals would meet the required 21% return on investment?
  5. 5. If the Commercial Division were in an industry where the profit margin could not be increased, how much would the investment turnover have to increase to meet the president’s required 21% return on investment?

(1)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
To determine

Ascertain the Profit margin, investment turnover, and return on investment of C Division.

Explanation of Solution

Profit margin: This ratio gauges the operating profitability by quantifying the amount of income earned from business operations from the sales generated.

Formula of profit margin:

  Profit margin=Income from operationsSales

Investment turnover: This ratio gauges the operating efficiency by quantifying the amount of sales generated from the assets invested.

Formula of investment turnover:

  Investment turnover=SalesInvested assets

Return on investment (ROI): This financial ratio evaluates how efficiently the assets are used in earning income from operations. So, ROI is a tool used to measure and compare the performance of a units or divisions or a companies.

Formula of ROI according to Dupont formula:

  Return on investment = Profit margin × Investment turnover=Income from operationsSales×SalesInvested assets=Income from operationsInvested assets

Income statement: The financial statement which reports revenues and expenses from business operations and the result of those operations as net income or net loss for a particular time period is referred to as income statement.

Determine ROI of C Division, if income from operations is $420,000, sales are $3,500,000, and assets invested are $2,500,000.

  Return on investment =          Profit margin         ×    Investment turnover=Income from operationsSales×SalesInvested assets=$420,000$3,500,000×$3,500,000$2,500,00012.0% ×1.4= 16.8%

(2)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
To determine

Prepare the income statements for C Division of Company M for the year ended December 31, for each of the three proposals, and compute invested assets for each proposal and also compute the invested assets for each proposal.

Explanation of Solution

Prepare divisional income statements for C Division of Company M for the year ended December 31, for the three proposals.

Company M
Divisional Income Statements
For the Year Ended December 31
 Proposal 1Proposal 2Proposal 3
Sales $3,500,000$3,500,000(3) $2,905,000
Cost of goods sold(1) 2,585,000(2) 1,920,000(4) 2,073,300
Gross profit915,0001,580,000831,700
Operating expenses600,000600,000(5) 425,000
Income from operations$315,000$980,000$406,700

Table (1)

Working Notes:

(1) Compute cost of goods sold under proposal 1.

  Revised cost of goods sold = Cost of goods sold + Depreciation= $2,480,000+$105,000= $2,585,000

(2) Compute cost of goods sold under proposal 2.

  Revised cost of goods sold = Cost of goods sold – Depreciation= $2,480,000–$560,000= $1,920,000

(3) Compute sales under proposal 3.

  Revised sales = Sales – Reduction= $3,500,000–$595,000= $2,905,000

(4) Compute cost of goods sold under proposal 3.

  Revised cost of goods sold = Cost of goods sold – Depreciation= $2,480,000–$406,700= $2,073,300

(5) Compute operating expenses under proposal 3.

  Revised operating expenses = Operating expenses – Reduction= $600,000–$175,000= $425,000

Compute the invested assets for each proposal:

 Compute invested assets for proposal 1.

  Invested assets for proposal 1 = Invested assets – Transferred book value= $2,500,000–$312,500= $2,187,500

Compute invested assets for proposal 2.

  Invested assets for proposal 2 = Invested assets + Increased book value= $2,500,000+$1,875,000= $4,375,000

Compute invested assets for proposal 3.

  Invested assets for proposal 3 = Invested assets – Transferred book value= $2,500,000–$1,388,000= $1,162,000

(3)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
To determine

Ascertain the Profit margin, investment turnover, and return on investment of C Division under the three proposals

Explanation of Solution

1)

Ascertain the ROI of C Division, under proposal 1, if income from operations is $315,000, sales are $3,500,000, and assets invested are $2,187,500.

  Return on investment =          Profit margin         ×    Investment turnover=Income from operationsSales×SalesInvested assets=$315,000$3,500,000×$3,500,000$2,187,5009.0% ×1.6= 14.4%

Note: Refer to part (1) for the values of income from operations and invested assets.

2)

Ascertain the ROI of C Division, under proposal 2, if income from operations is $980,000, sales are $3,500,000, and assets invested are $4,375,000.

  Return on investment =          Profit margin         ×    Investment turnover=Income from operationsSales×SalesInvested assets=$980,000$3,500,000×$3,500,000$4,375,00028.0% ×0.8= 22.4%

Note: Refer to part (1) for the values of income from operations and invested assets.

3)

Ascertain the ROI of C Division, under proposal 3, if income from operations is $406,700, sales are $2,905,000, and assets invested are $1,162,000.

  Return on investment =          Profit margin         ×    Investment turnover=Income from operationsSales×SalesInvested assets=$406,700$2,905,000×$2,905,000$1,162,00014.0% ×2.5= 35.0%

Note: Refer to part (1) for the values of income from operations and invested assets.

(4)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
To determine

Indicate the proposal which meets the desired ROI of 22.4%

Explanation of Solution

Proposal 3 meets desired ROI of 22.4% because the proposal has 35.0% ROI.

(5)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
To determine

Ascertain the increase in investment turnover to meet the desired return of 21%

Explanation of Solution

Ascertain the increase in investment turnover of C Division, if income from operations is $406,700 and sales are $2,905,000.

Step 1: Find the required investment turnover to earn desired ROI of 21%.

  Return on investment =          Profit margin         ×    Investment turnover=Income from operationsSales×Investment turnover21%=$420,000$3,500,000×Investment turnover

  21% = 12.0% ×Investment turnoverInvestment turnover21%12%=1.75

Step 2: Find the increase in investment turnover, if required investment turnover is 1.75 (From Step 1), and current investment turnover is 1.40 (From Part (1)).

Increase in turnover = Required turnover – Current turnover= 1.75–1.40= 0.35

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