Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The molecular formula for butanoic acid should be predicted.
Concept introduction:
The representation of atoms of a compound in simple whole number ratio is known as empirical formula.
Chemical formula or molecular formula represents the type of
The rules for determining empirical formula is given as follows:
- Determine the mass of elements in given compound.
- Calculate number of moles using molar mass of each compound or element.
- Divide each number of moles by smallest number of mole value calculated in second step.
- Round the value calculated in step 3 to nearest whole number.
Answer to Problem 2STP
The molecular formula for butanoic acid is
Explanation of Solution
Assuming the percentage is given by mass that means 54.5 g, 9.1 g, and 36.4 g of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is present in butanoic acid.
Mass of carbon = 54.5 g
Mass of hydrogen = 9.1 g
Mass of oxygen = 36.4 g
Now, calculating the moles of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen using their molar mass as follows:
1. Now, dividing each mole value by smallest mole value as follows:
2. Thus, the empirical formula of hydrazine is
Now, n that is the ratio of given molar mass and empirical formula mass is calculated as follows:
The empirical formula mass is calculated as follows:
Calculation of n as follows:
Now, the number obtained will be multiplied to empirical formula as follows:
Thus, the molecular formula for butanoic acid is
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