Interpretation: The resonance structure for the movement of electrons needs to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Resonating structures are structures that have more than one equivalent Lewis structure for the same molecule or ion.
According to the convention, these structures are connected by double-headed arrows (
Movement of electrons (whether bonding or lone pair) is indicated by curved arrows.
The rules for writing the resonance structures are:
Resonance structures have existence in paper only, they are not real structures.
While writing the resonance structures, movement of either double bonded electrons or lone pair of electrons are shown.
All structures should be correct Lewis structures.
The energy of any contributing structure is higher than the energy of the resonance hybrid.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Which elements on the periodic table (other than H) are likely to form a+1 cation?arrow_forwardMethanol, CH3OH, is a compound in which the formal charge on all the atoms is zero. Consider what results when a proton, H+, becomes bonded to methanol by way of one of the unshared electron pairs on the oxygen atom, i.e., This time we use the curved arrow to signify bond making. Now a pair of unshared electrons on oxygen is pushed toward the region between the oxygen atom and the hydrogen ion. It becomes an OH covalent bond. In the resulting structure the oxygen atom owns one electron from each of ____ shared pairs and two electrons from ____ unshared pair. The total number of electrons that belong to the oxygen atom is ____. Oxygen is a Group ____ element. Since the number of electrons that the oxygen atom owns in this structure is one fewer that it would have in the neutral, unbonded state, the charge on oxygen is ____. The correct Lewis structure for the conjugate acid of methanol is _________________________ Once again charge is conserved. Joining a neutral molecule and a cation must yield a cation. Again the formal charge distribution on the resulting ion is predictable from the arrow. Electrons are pushed away from the oxygen atom, leaving it with a positive charge. Electrons are pushed toward the hydrogen ion, neutralizing its erstwhile positive charg.arrow_forwardIn the Lewis structure for chloromethane, the chlorine atom is sharing _____ electron pair and “owns” _____ of those electrons. Also, the chlorine atom possesses two electrons from each of _____ unshared pairs. The total number of electrons that belong to chlorine is 7 . Chlorine is a Group ____ element. The formal charge on chlorine in chloromethane is ____.arrow_forward
- Consider the following bonds: GeSe, BrSe, BrGe. Indicate the direction of polarity of each. Which bond is expected to be the most polar?arrow_forwardWhat are all the resonance frorms for this moleculearrow_forwardWhich one of the following molecules would you expect to be the MOST polar molecule? Circle it.arrow_forward
- Draw a second resonance structure of the following structures with the arrow showing movement of electrons and bonds.arrow_forwardIV. Write the resonance structure that would result from moving the electrons in the way indicated by the curved arrows. Submit your answer as assignment. H2Narrow_forwardSet atom A all the way to less electronegativity and atom B all the way to more electronegativity. Which atom is partially positive? Which atom is partially negative? Which way does the dipole point? Where is there more electron density? Try rotating the molecule. What happens? Use the charges on the electric field to explain why.arrow_forward
- write all the resonance structures of a and b, and show the electrons movement with arrows.arrow_forwardcan you help me what is the polar bond, nonpolar bond, covalent bond, polar molecule, and non-polar molecule mean? Can you give me all of these terms with example?arrow_forwardAnswer the following question about octocrylene (see Attachment), a common sunscreen component. Question: Label all polar bonds ?arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co