Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- Which of the following conditions must be met within the cell In order for the enzyme pyruvate carboxylase to be activated? Select all that apply. NADP+ levels must be high Phosphofructokinase must be in the activated R-state Beta-oxidation of fatty acids happening in the mitochondrial matrix AMP levels must be high ATP levels must be higharrow_forwardDinitrophenol (DNP) is a lipid soluble H+ binding drug that equalizes the H+ concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Which of the following would you predict to occur upon addition of DNP to a cell? Halt in both pyruvate oxidation and ATP synthesis Halt in pyruvate oxidation and continuation in ATP synthesis Continuation in pyruvate oxidation and halt in ATP synthesis Continuation in both pyruvate oxidation and ATP synthesisarrow_forwardWhen proteins are digested for fuel, they are first broken down into their amino acid components. Amino acids can be further oxidized to generate useful energy for the cell. For example, when one molecule of the amino acid tryptophan is oxidized, one pyruvate molecule and one acetyl CoA molecule are generated. One NADH molecule is also generated during the oxidation of tryptophan into one pyruvate molecule and one acetyl CoA molecule. Below is the general reaction described in the prompt: 1 tryptophan --> 1 pyruvate + 1 acetyl CoA + 1 NADHarrow_forward
- in the mitochondria pyruvate is converted into acetyl CoA so then acetyl CoA make its way to the TCA cycle and produces energy sources for oxidative phosphorylation. Pyruvate oxidation transforms pyruvate, a three-carbon molecule, into acetyl, a two-carbon molecule linked to Coenzyme A, generating NADH and releasing one carbon dioxide molecule in process the citric acid cycle is fundamental because runs on acetyl CoA as its fuel. i need more explanantionarrow_forwardFrom the complete oxidation of glucose (glucose → 6CO2), how many total NADH electron carriers are produced?arrow_forwardWhere is the first NADH molecule produced in cellular respiration? options: Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A Conversion of acetyl coenzyme A to pyruvate Reduction of oxygen to water In the cytoplasmarrow_forward
- You know that during oxidative phosphorylation, 1 NADH creates 2.5 ATP and 1 FADH2 creates 1.5 ATP. From this information, how many total ATP molecules will be produced from the complete oxidation of pyruvate?arrow_forwardDraw the pathway for the conversion of Propionyl CoA to Succinyl CoA as it occurs in thematrix of the mitochondria. Show the structures and names of all reactants and products, as well asthe names of the enzymes. You do not need to draw the structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but doshow them as reactants or products in the appropriate places. You do not need to show themechanisms of the enzymes. Draw the pathway for the conversion of Succinyl CoA into 4 CO2. Show the structures andnames of all reactants and products, as well as the names of the enzymes. You do not need to drawthe structures of ATP, NAD+, CoA, etc., but do show them as reactants or products in the appropriateplaces. You do not need to show the mechanisms of the enzymes. How many ATPs would be generated by the complete oxidation of Propionyl CoA into 3 CO2using any of the required enzymes of -oxidation, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis,the citric acid cycle andoxidative phosphorylation?arrow_forwardCyanide toxicity results from its ability to inhibit cytochrome oxidase c, part of the ETC of cell respiration. What effect(s) might you expect from cyanide poisoning? U a. Intracellular accumulation of NADH. Ob. Rapid depletion of oxygen. Increased amounts of oxidative phosphorylation. Od. Inhibition of PFK would occur. U e. Decreased production of ATParrow_forward
- Which of the following is the third step of Citric Acid Cycle? Select one: a. Succinyl-CoA becomes Succinate and forms one ATP molecule and Coenzyme A-SH b. Pyruvate is decarboxylated to become acetyl-CoA producing NADH and Carbon dioxide c. Isocitrate and then decarboxylated and oxidized to produce alpha-ketoglutarate, Carbon dioxide and NADH d. alpha-ketoglutarate is oxidized and decarboxylated to produce Succinyl-CoA, Carbon dioxide and NADH e. Succinate is oxidized to become fumarate forming FADH2 f. Oxaloacetate combines with the acetyl from acetyl-CoA to produce Citric acid(citrate) g. Citrate is rearranged to become Isocitrate h. Malate is oxidized to become oxaloacetate forming NADH i. Fumarate is combined with water to become Malatearrow_forwardWhat is the primary role of the Kreb's cycle? To destabilize and split apart glucose molecules to make ATP To convert pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, producing CO2 and a high energy electron carrier To use the energy stored in acetyl-CoA to make ATP and high energy electron carriers To fix carbon dioxide to produce G3P, which is used to make glucosearrow_forward
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