Write out the balanced chemical equation for the oxidation of C16:cis-9 to acetyl-CoA, including electron transfers and oxidative phosphorylations (ATP). (Convert the NADH & FADH2 to ATP) 1 FADH2 = 1.5 ATP 1 NADH = 2.5 ATP

As a result of the process(es) of thiol transfer, carbon atoms from serine can end up in what biological molecule(s)?

Fatty acid oxidation for energy yield occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and for palmitate as one example, generates [FADN2, NADH, and Acetyle-CoA or FADH, GTP, and NADPH]  , all of which can be converted to ATP (108 of them to be exact) via oxidative phosphorylation.  This is a [greater or smaller]  yield of ATP per carbon atom compared to glucose.  Ketogenesis is a process where acetyl-CoA (including that from breakdown of fatty acids) is converted to ketone bodies under conditions where carbohydrates are [in excess or liminting]  .  Acetoacetate and D-beta-hydroxybutyrate are delivered from liver to the blood stream where they  provide energy for [cardiac and skeletal muscle as well as brain or synthesis of glycogen]  . [Insulin or glucagon]  promotes ketogenesis by stimulating fatty acid export from adipose tissue.

ATP, like ADP and AMP, is a competitive inhibitor of NADH binding to malate dehydrogenase. Provide a structural explanation for this inhibition.