The pedigree below traces the inheritance of a recessive disorder through a family. Affected individuals are shaded in. Circles represent female individuals, and squares represent male individuals. Horizontal lines represent marriage while vertical lines represent parent/child relationships. Write the genotype of each individual on this pedigree: either AA, Aa, or aa. If more than one genotype is possible for an individual, write them all down.

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Q: I II II A

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Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.