The nitrogenous bases present in RNA are the same as those present in DNA except that: Adenine replaces cytosine Adenine replaces thymine Uracil replaces adenine uracil replaces thymine cytosine replaces guanine
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The nitrogenous bases present in RNA are the same as those present in DNA except that:
Adenine replaces cytosine
Adenine replaces thymine
Uracil replaces adenine
uracil replaces thymine
cytosine replaces guanine
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- Draw and label the following RNA tetranucleotide: 5’phosphoryl-A-2’O-methyl-C-U-G-3’-phosphateDraw the complete structure of uridine 5′-phosphate, one of the four major ribonucleotides.Amino Acid SLC DNA codons Isoleucine Leucine Valine Phenylalanine Methionine Cysteine Alanine Glycine Proline Threonine Serine Tyrosine Tryptophan Glutamine Asparagine Histidine Glutamic acid Aspartic acid Lysine Arginine I |АTT, АТC, АТА L |стт, стс, СТА, СТG, ТТА, ТTG V GTT, GTC, GTA, GTG F TTT, TTC M ATG TGT, TGC A GCT, GCC, GCA, GCG G GGT, GGC, GGA, GGG P |сст, ссс, ССА, ССG |АСТ, АСС, АСА, АCG |тст, тсс, ТСА, ТCG, AGT, AGс Y |ТАТ, ТАС W TGG CАА, САG N |ААТ, АAС H САТ, САС E GAA, GAG D GAT, GAC K |AАА, АAG R CGT, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, AGG Stop codons Stop |TАА, ТAG, TGA How many possible nucleotide sequences could code for a peptide with the sequence "MRRTGERS*"? (Note that * represents a stop codon)
- Snake venom phosphodiesterase hydrolyzes nucleotides from the 3' end of any oligonucleotide and cleaves between the 3' hydroxyl of the ribose or deoxyribose and the phosphoryl group of the next nucleotide. It acts on single-stranded DNA or RNA and has no base specificity. Which nucleotide would be released first from the oligonucleotide shown below upon treatment with snake venom phosphodiesterase? choices a. Deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate b. Deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate c. Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate d. Guanosine 5'-monophosphate e. DeoxythymidineIn RNA, an atypical base pair is able to form between guanine and uracil. This base pair allows a single tRNA molecule to recognize more than one codon using its one anticodon sequence. It requires a shift in position of the two nucleotides. Guanine and uracil come together in this unusual pair via 2 hydrogen bonds. Based on what you know about hydrogen bond formation and base pairing, draw a guanine nucleotide and a uracil nucleotide hydrogen bound to one another.Place an asterisks (*) next to the 3' carbon atoms in the polynucleotide shown. -O CH₂ HOHDH Guanine -O-CH₂ H H H Thymine =P-O-CH₂ H OH Answer Bank H H Cytosine
- Draw the structure of the RNA dinucleotide formed between cytidine-5’-monophosphate and adenosine-5’-monophosphate. Your structure should show cytidine with a free 5’ and adenosine with a free 3’.DNA molecules consist of chemically linked sequences of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, denoted A, G, C, and T. A sequence of three basesiscalleda codon. A base may appear more than once in a codon. a) How many different codons are there? b) The bases A and G are purines, while C and T are pyrimidines. How many codons are there whose first and third bases are purines and whose second base is a pyrimidine? c) How many codons consist of three different bases?Hydrolysis of the N-glycosyl bond between deoxyribose and a purine base in DNA creates an apurinic (AP) site. An AP site is more thermodynamically destabilizing to a DNA molecule than is a mismatched base pair. Examine the structure of an AP site. H₂N HN N O™ -O-P-O-CH₂ Guanine H₂N N HN Select the chemical consequences that could contribute to DNA instability at AP sites. H H 1₂0/ H fewer hydrogen bonds between the unpaired pyrimidine base and water disruption of the base-stacking interactions decreased interaction between the mutated DNA strand and histones increased ability of the deoxyribose ring to open without the attachment of the purine base H H Guanosine residue (in DNA) O™ -O-P-O-CH₂ O H H H O Apurinic residue H OH H
- When comparing the structures of RNA and DNA , which of the following statement is True?A-Only RNA contains 3'-deoxyribise rings B-Both RNA and DNA contain 3'-deoxyribise rings C-Only DNA contains 3'- deoxyribise rings D-Neither RNA or DNA contain 3'-deoxyribise ringsDraw the structure and give the name of a nucleotide made of adenine (A) and deoxyribose.An RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 27%, U = 38%, C=20%, G = 15%. (A) Is this RNA molecule single-stranded or double stranded? How can you tell? (B) What would be the percentage of each of the bases in the template strand of the DNA that contains the gene for this RNA?
