How tumor-suppressor mutations contribute to cancer?

Q: What is the link between epigenetics and cancer?

A: Epigenetics is considered as the study in which the gene shows its behavior according to the…

Q: What is apoptosis? How is it beneficial to the body?

A: APOPTOSIS: * Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death in which some steps in cell will leads to…

Q: Explain how p53 functions as a tumor suppressor gene. How can mutations in p53 lead to cancer, and…

A: Normal cell has low level of p53 protein. When DNA damage or other stress signals may trigger p53…

Q: What enzyme is upregulated in cancer that overcomes cell senescence?

A: Various type of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes regulate senescence in normal cell.…

Q: Can we cure cancer by restoring the function of tumor suppressor proteins such as mutant p53 or pRb?…

A: Cell division is a process through which a cell produces two identical daughter cells. Cell division…

Q: Explain how mutations in tumor-suppressor genes can be recessive at the level of the cell but cause…

A: A tumor suppressor gene is normally a cellular gene that regulates the cell proliferation or DNA…

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?

A: The proto-oncogenes are those genes, which promote the cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis of the…

Q: If cancer is fundamentally a genetic disease, how might an environmental factor such as smoking…

A: Tumor is a mass of tissues. It may be benign or malignant. The cellular growth that occurs when the…

Q: Why do mutations in DNA repair genes increase the likelihood of developing cancer?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary molecule that transfers genetic information from one…

Q: What is the difference between an oncogene and a tumor-suppressor gene? Give some examples of the…

A: Cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell survival are under the control of some critical…

Q: Explain the role of epigenetic alterations in cancer ?

A: Genes are the hereditary unit in an organism and are passed on from the parental generation to the…

Q: How interfered regulatory machinery results in production of tumor?

A: Eukaryotes have well-organized nucleus. prokaryotes are devoid of nuclear arrangements. genome…

Q: How can cancer arise from stem cells?

A: Stem cells are unique human cells and can grow into several cell types. This can vary between cells…

Q: Explain how mutations in oncogenes and in tumor suppressorgenes cause cancer.

A: Cancer is a group of diseases that involves abnormal growth of the cell. These cells have the…

Q: How can a mutation in a tumor-suppressor gene contribute to the development of cancer?

A: Tumor-suppressor genes are like any other normal genes whose functions include slowing down cell…

Q: What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor?

A: The abnormal and uncontrolled division of cells leads to the formation of an undifferentiated mass…

Q: illustrate some of the molecular mechanisms leading from loss-of-function mutations in…

A: Tumor suppressing genes also known as Anti - oncogenes are the  regulatory genes which regulates…

Q: Explain what is fundamental aberrations in all cancer cells ?

A: Answer: Introduction: The features of chromosomal aberrations in cancers, has studied in the 15,000…

Q: Describe cancer cell types and the differentiation process that occurs during cancer development.

A: Cancer cells are very notorious for causing high Morbidity and mortality among patients of various…

Q: What is the role of the microenvironment in cancer development and progression?

A: Progression of cancer is the steps of progress of this disease, it includes many stages:  Stage I…

Q: What would happen if Stem Cells do not undergo Cell differentiation?

A: Stem cells are those cells which has the capability to differentiate into different types of…

Q: What would be the effect of a mutation that inactivates the p14ARF tumor suppressor upon p53…

A: p53 is known as a cellular tumor antigen 53 is a protein found in vertebrates that is responsible…

Q: How Mutations Cause Cancer Phenotypes?

A: The medical condition of cancer is generally characterized by the presence of a cluster of cells…

Q: What are Ras protein and p53? How can mutations in the genes for these proteins contribute to…

A: TP53 is the gene that translates the protein called tumor protein p53 which acts as a tumor…

Q: Do more mutations necessarily mean that more cancer-causing genes are faulty? Why or why not?

A: Biotechnology is a wide range of studies where it uses its techniques with biological systems to…

Q: Define oncogene, proto-oncogene, and tumor-suppressor gene.

A: The most common gene in people with cancer is p53 or TP53. More than 50% of cancers involve the lost…

Q: Explain the difference between proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor mutations in terms of its…

A: Cancer is a medical condition that is characterized by the growth of tumors in the body of an…

Q: Which type of mutation would NOT be involved in the inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene?

A: Normal cell growth in body is controlled by -  1. Protooncogene or cellular oncogene - Protooncogene…

Q: What role do cell check points have in cancer ?

A: Cancer is a disease that is associated with uncontrolled division of cells and invasion of…

Q: How oncogenes contribute to cancer?

A: Cancer:       It is a disease where cells divide abnormally and damage other cells. There are…

Q: What type of epigenetic changes are associated with cancer?

A: Epigenetic changes or modifications are important for maintenance of tissue specific gene…

Q: What properties are gained during tumor progression that contribute to malignant behavior and…

A: The cells normally divide to replace the worn-out cells and died via a process called apoptosis.…

Q: Why don’t all loss-of-function mutations that are recessive at the cellular level behave as…

A: Loss of function mutation is otherwise known as inactivating mutations. This type of mutation is…

Q: Can restoring tumor suppressor function, such as mutant p53 or pRb, be used to cure cancer? If…

A: The Cell division is the process through which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells.…

Q: What types of evidence indicate that cancer arises from genetic changes?

A: Cancer is a disorder in which abnormal cells divide irrepressibly and destroy the tissues of the…

Q: How does the normal p53 protein inhibit cancer development?

A: Tumor-suppressor genes code for proteins that repair damaged DNA (preventing a cell from turning…

Q: Apart from p53, mention and describe the function of three tumor suppressor genes you know

A: The cancer related genes can be divided into two broad categories like the proto-oncogenes and tumor…

Q: How would our understanding of this regulation affect cancer prognosis and treatment?

A: The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex developmental process that allows cancer…

Q: n of tu

A: Tumour suppressor genes can be defined as the gene that is involved in the regulation and…

Q: Why are oncogenes usually dominant in their action, whereas tumor-suppressor genes are recessive?

A: BASIC INFORMATION ONCOGENES When there is alteration in the proto-onco genes then it leads to the…

Q: Is PI3K a proto-oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene? Why

A: PI3K means Phospho inositol 3 kinase gene.It is involved in signalling pathways.It is the mutation…

Q: In cell growth, how does the normal allele of BRCA1 work? Is it an oncogene or a tumor suppressor…

A: Cell growth is a very complex and orderly process in which various enzymes cell signaling pathways…

Q: What is apoptosis and how is it regulated?

A: Cell death is a phenomena that occurs naturally in multicellular organisms. Cells die due to…

Q: How can mutations in noncoding segments of DNA contribute to the development of cancers?

A: The functions segment of hereditary material that mainly codes for the proteins is a gene. The…

Q: What is the role of regulatory gene mutations in cancer?

A: Regulatory genes are defined as genes which control or regulate the expression of one or multiple…

Q: how can mutations in several genes drive cancer?

A: Ans: Mutation: The change in the nucleotide sequence base level (single base) is referred to as…

Q: Explain the difference between a proto-oncogene and a tumor-suppressor gene.

A: Cancer is the state of uncontrolled cell division.

Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.