What is the difference between an oncogene and a tumor-suppressor gene? Give some examples of the functions of proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in normal cells.

Q: Chemotherapeutic agents can promote apoptosis in cancer cells by these mechanisms except; Group of…

A: Chemotherapy is a basic component of cancer treatment, aimed at eliminating cancerous cells by…

Q: The protein p53 is activated when the cell's DNA is damaged. p53 helps to arrest the cell cycle in…

A: Cell division is controlled by a protein that is encoded by a tumor suppressor gene. Uncontrolled…

Q: How can the role of epigenetics in cancer be reconciled with the idea that cancer is caused by the…

A: Epigenetics is the study of various alterations in an organism occurred because of certain gene…

Q: Which of the following statements about tumor suppressor genes is FALSE? a) Inactivation of tumor…

A: False statement about tumor suppressor genes.

Q: Why is it harder to develop a drug that targets a tumor suppressor gene compared to an oncogene…

A: Uncontrolled cell division in the cells may result into the tumor formation. Sometimes the cells may…

Q: The C-myc gene is a proto-oncogene which is highly expressed in breast tissue and appears to cause…

A: Answer.) :- The ChIP data provided involves key molecular components and factors associated with…

Q: Cancer-promoting mutations are likely to have different effects on the activity of proteins encoded…

A: Cancer is the unnatural and excessive proliferation of cells that becomes harmful to normal body…

Q: The Bax gene, codes for a cytosolic protein that plays an important role in apoptosis. Growth factor…

A: Bax gene Bcl-2-associated X protein which is pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 gene family. Cell…

Q: what category of cancer-related genes is it possible to find inherited variants that are associated…

A: Answer is option 3.

Q: Describe three popular methods for silencing tumor-suppressor genes.

A: Introduction Tumor suppressor genes are those that slow down the division and development of cells.…

Q: Twist transcription factors (TF) play key roles in embryonic development and are largely…

A: Twist transcription factors (TF) play essential roles in embryonic development but are typically…

Q: What is the difference between an oncogene and a tumor-suppressorgene? Give two examples of each…

A: Cancer is defined as the biological disorder in which the cells undergo uncontrolled growth and cell…

Q: The myc oncogene increases expression of the glutamine transporter and glutaminase that converts…

A: Cancer is a disease defined by the uncontrolled development of a group of abnormal cells that can…

Q: Which combination of oncogenes and tumor suppressors is MOST likely to develop a tumor? 1) decreased…

A: Tumor is the characteristic feature of the abnormal cell division. The cell division rate is faster…

Q: illustrate some of the molecular mechanisms leading from loss-of-function mutations in…

A: Tumor suppressing genes also known as Anti - oncogenes are the  regulatory genes which regulates…

Q: Describe, using specific examples, the differences in how a growth factor gene and a tumor…

A: When we talk about cancer, there are certain genes associated with it. Oncogenes are genes that are…

Q: A research study indicated that an agent in cigarette smoke caused the silencing of a tumor…

A: The TP53 gene provides instructions for making a protein called tumor protein p53 (p53). This…

Q: Some cancers are consistently associated with the deletion of a particularpart of a chromosome. Does…

A: Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that encode for proteins required for the promotion of cell cycle.…

Q: Describe error prone polymerases and the process of translesion synthesis (TLS). In regards to tumor…

A: Translesion synthesis (TLS) is a method of overcoming stopped replication in which particular…

Q: Cancer often results from a multistage process involving an initiating event (mediated by a viral…

A: Phorbol esters are a group of chemicals that are found in many plants. They are the ester…

Q: Compare the usual functions of proteins encoded by proto-oncogeneswith those of proteins encoded by…

A: Proteins are macromolecules formed by the long chain of amino acids. They are involved in a wide…

Q: Which of the following statements are correct about cytoplasmic signaling in cancer cells? Multiple…

A: Metastasis is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. Cancer cells acquire genetic alterations…

Q: How do oncogenes differ from tumor suppressor genes?

A: Oncogenes are a physically and functionally diverse set of genes, the protein products of which act…

Q: In some cancer cells, a specific gene has been duplicated many times. Is this gene likely to be an…

A: Cancer is an uncontrolled division of cell that has a defunct apoptosis mechanism. Usually, when…

Q: The p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene while Ras is a proto-oncogene. Mutation in either one can…

A: Tumor suppressor genes are the genes that are involved in various checkpoints in the cell cycle,…

Q: Why would a mutation in BRCA1 be considered a driver mutation?  b. Based on what you’ve learned…

A: In this question, we  have to answer 'BRCA gene consider as driver mutation and ATM consider as a…

Q: Which of the following steps are correct about multistep tumorigenesis (select all that apply)?…

A: When a normal cell undergoes uncontrolled differentiation and division it causes tumor cells. It is…

Q: Which type of mutation would NOT be involved in the inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene?

A: Normal cell growth in body is controlled by -  1. Protooncogene or cellular oncogene - Protooncogene…

Q: Classify the following genes as proto-oncogenes or tumor-suppressor genes: p53, ras, Bcl-2,…

A: Proto-oncogene is a normal gene which have many different functions in the cell, like providing…

Q: Given what you have learned about tumor suppressors and proto-oncogenes, predict whether the…

A: Introduction :- Oncogenes are genes that, when mutated or overexpressed, can cause cells to grow and…

Q: How does the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contribute to tumorigenesis and disease…

A: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) could be a method within which epithelial cells acquire…

Q: Explain in general what is meant by a proto-oncogene and how they are involved in the formation of a…

A: Proto-oncogenes are a bunch of normal genes present in a cell. They have the necessary information…

Q: how do tumor suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes causes cancer?

A: Tumor suppressor genes- These are the normal genes and they are responsible for regulating cell…

Q: A microarray is a technique used to develop a profile of the messenger RNA being transcribed by…

A: The tumor suppressor genes are the genes that code for a protein whose function is to suppress the…

Q: There are three broad categories of cancer-related genes: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes,…

A: It is an uncontrollable cell division that get metastasized into surrounding tissues.

Q: What are the major differences between a tumor initiator (e.g., DMBA) and a tumor promoting agent…

A: Cancer is a disease in which cells, almost anywhere in the body, begin to divide uncontrollably…

Q: Why are PARP inhibitors effective in killing tumor cells with BRCA-deficiency but not Rb deficiency?…

A: Anti-oncogene or tumor suppressor gene regulate cell division and DNA repair mechanism. Any mutation…

Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.