What is the difference between an oncogene and a tumor-suppressor gene? Give some examples of the functions of proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in normal cells.

Ras is a proto-oncogene that is within the EGF pathway. The EGF receptor can activate the cell division pathway only when the EGF ligand binds to the receptor. A gain of function mutation occurs in only one copy of the Ras gene. What are all the possible consequences of this? Select all that apply. Group of answer choices The cell will undergo constant cell division The cell will still be normal as only one copy of Ras is mutated. Both copies must be mutated for the cell to undergo constant cell division There will be an increase of EGF ligands present in the cell The EGF receptor will always be active even with no EGF ligands bound and activate the pathway Ras will always be active and activate the proteins downstream that will turn on cell division Ras will be under the influence of the EGF receptor and will only activate if the EGF ligand is bound to the receptor

Please answer question 8

In cell growth, how does the normal allele of BRCA1 work? Is it an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene?

Compare and contrast the genetic defects that can lead to disruption of a tumor suppressor gene compared to the mechanisms for activation of oncogenes.

what are the rolls that the p53 gene and RAS protein take on when trying to stop a cancer cell from further replicating. Also, what would happen if a mutation were to occur in both genes?