Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
- What will be the order of amino acids derived from the following DNA sequence 5’-TGATCGCACAAT-3’? Explain briefly. (1.5)
- If the base G (denoted by an asterisk) in the sequence 5’-TGATCG*CACAAT-3’ is replaced by C due to a mutation, the new sequence will be 5’-TGATCCCACAAT-3’ what will be the new amino acid sequence? Explain briefly. (1.5)
- If the anticodon sequence of a tRNA is 5’-GCG-3’, what amino acid will it carry? Explain briefly. (1.5)
- What would be the effect of mutation if the C is changed to A in the anticodon? Explain briefly. (1.5)
![Second base
U
A
G
UUU Phenyl-
UUCJ alanine
UCU]
UCC
UAU
UAC.
UGUT
UGCJ
-Tyrosine Y
-Cysteine C
FSerine
UUA
UUG.
UCA
UCCJ
UAA Stop codon UGA
UAG Stop codon UG Tryptophan G
Stop codon A
-Leucine L
CUU
CUC
CAU
Ccu]
CC
CCA
cc]
CGU
cac
CGA
-Histidi
FLeucine L
Arginine
R
-Proline
CUA
P
CAGFGlutamine cGa
CUG_
AUU
AUC
I
ACU
ACC
ACA
AACFAsparagine
AAA
T
AGU7
AGCFSerine S
'N.
AGA
-Isoleucine
-Threonine
A AUA
AUG MMethionine ACG
start codon
AAGFLysine
K
AGGFArginine
K
R.
G
GUUT
GUC
G
GUA
GCU]
GC
GCA
GAULAspartic
GAC acid D
GAAL
acid E
GGU
GGC
GGA
-Valine V
-Alanine
Glycine
A
GUG
A.
GAG FGlutamie
GG.
G
G
Third base
oseg j](https://content.bartleby.com/qna-images/question/d1bd4d9d-b3a1-4625-a380-9d030c2631c8/bb8a6e26-dd78-4c13-a24e-3d75d47800be/92jep6d_processed.png)
Transcribed Image Text:Second base
U
A
G
UUU Phenyl-
UUCJ alanine
UCU]
UCC
UAU
UAC.
UGUT
UGCJ
-Tyrosine Y
-Cysteine C
FSerine
UUA
UUG.
UCA
UCCJ
UAA Stop codon UGA
UAG Stop codon UG Tryptophan G
Stop codon A
-Leucine L
CUU
CUC
CAU
Ccu]
CC
CCA
cc]
CGU
cac
CGA
-Histidi
FLeucine L
Arginine
R
-Proline
CUA
P
CAGFGlutamine cGa
CUG_
AUU
AUC
I
ACU
ACC
ACA
AACFAsparagine
AAA
T
AGU7
AGCFSerine S
'N.
AGA
-Isoleucine
-Threonine
A AUA
AUG MMethionine ACG
start codon
AAGFLysine
K
AGGFArginine
K
R.
G
GUUT
GUC
G
GUA
GCU]
GC
GCA
GAULAspartic
GAC acid D
GAAL
acid E
GGU
GGC
GGA
-Valine V
-Alanine
Glycine
A
GUG
A.
GAG FGlutamie
GG.
G
G
Third base
oseg j
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Similar questions
- Use the following DNA sequence, and write the resulting messenger RNA sequence TACTTTGAATGCGGCCGTATC?arrow_forwardThe enzyme thiouridylase converts certain tRNA uridine residues to 2-thiouridine. Draw the structure of this modified nucleotide.arrow_forward1. You order two primers from a company that synthesizes oligonucleotides. The primers have the exact same G and A content, but arranged differently. Primer 1 = GAGAGAGAGAGAGAGAGAGA Primer 2 GGGGGGGGGGAAAAAAAAAA = a) Which one would you expect to have the higher melting point? Explain. b) Based on your answer to (a), draw a melting curve for primer 1 (line) and primer 2 (dashed line). Be sure to label the axes, and the Tm. c) What does the Tm represent? Draw what you would expect Primer 2 to look like at the Tm.arrow_forward
- Why exactly are the bases T-G or A-C not complementary?arrow_forwardIf you analyze a double-stranded DNA molecule and find that 15% of all the nucleotide bases are Adenines, you know that there must also be [ Select ] Thymines, [ Select ] Guanines, [ Select ] v Cytosines and [ Select ] Uracils. (Count each of the bases in any double stranded DNA molecule and calculate their percentages to find the simple key for this if you haven't seen it yet.)arrow_forwardFor the following sequence, what is the Tm? 5'-AGCTACGATCAGGTCA-3'arrow_forward
- The restriction endonuclease NciI recognizes and cuts the five-base-pair sequence 5’- CC(G/C)GG-3’ [where (G/C) means either G or C will work at that position]. (1) How often, on average, would this sequence occur in random DNA? Assume the DNA contains 25% each of A, G, T & C. (2) After digestion, Nci1 leaves a one-base 5’ overhang. Write/draw the cut site/digested products.arrow_forwardPinker mentions that only 1% of the human genome codes for proteins (the rest included introns, regulatory sequences, and repetitive DNA, some of it parasitic—we will talk about this later). Given that the human genome contains 3 x 109 base-pairs of DNA, there are about 20,000 human genes, and three base pairs code for each amino acid in a protein, how many amino acids are in the average human protein? [Hint: start with what fraction of base pairs in the human genome code for proteins.]arrow_forwardEach of the following pairs of primers has a problem with it. Tell why the primers would not work well. (a) Forward primer 5'GCCTCCGGAGACCCATTGG 3' Reverse primer 5'TTCTAAGAAACTGTTAAGG 3' (b) Forward primer 5'GGGGCCCCTCACTCGGGGCCCC 3'Reverse primer 5'TCGGCGGCCGTGGCCGAGGCAG 3' (c) Forward primer 5'TCGAATTGCCAATGAAGGTCCG 3'Reverse primer 5'CGGACCTTCATTGGCAATTCGA 3'arrow_forward
- For the following sequence please design an 18 base pair REVERSE primer. ATGGCTGATAAGATAGAGAGGCATACTTTCAAGGTCTTCAATCAAGATTTCGAAAAAGAGCTGGAGTTTGGATTAGATAGAAAATATTTTTAGarrow_forwardTemplate strand of DNA is: 3’ TACATAACCGGGCCCATATCGGCCATTTGC5’. 2a). Following transcription, what is the total number of codons in the mRNA transcript? 2 b). Where is the start codon located in this mRNA transcript? 2c). Following translation of this mRNA transcript, how many amino acids will the proteincontain and identify the amino acids sequence of this gene from a genetic code table*.*Note= using a genetic code tablearrow_forwardWhy is it unfavorable for RNA molecules to adopt a double-helix structure similar to B-DNA? Because it is entropically unfavorable Because that would cause a steric clash between the sugars and nucleobases Because that would cause a steric clash between the 2' OHs of the sugars and the phosphates Because uracil can't form hydrogen bonds with any other nucleobasesarrow_forward
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