Centrifugation is a common step in many molecular biology protocols. In your own words, explain how it works, and why it was useful in today’s protocol.

You have two samples you have to sequence: one is a cloned plasmid that you want to verify the sequence of, and another is the cDNA library of the transcriptome of a cell. Which method would you use for each sample and why?

CRISPR techniques allow scientists to modify specific genes while sparing all others, thus clarifying the association between a given gene and its consequence to the organism. How can this help to create better antibiotics or to make white blood cells resistant to HIV infection? Give your examples. What is the future of CRISPR?

CRISPR One of the more recent advances in biotechnology is the development of the CRISPR gene modification tool. Match the following descriptions the the key players in this technology. NOTE: If you want to change your selection, you'll need to delete the one you already chose. After you delete it, the list of choices will pop back up and you can make a different choice. CRISPR technology Specialized stretches of DNA with nucleotide repeats and Cas9 protein spacers Enzyme that cuts DNA crRNA Guides the enzyme to the target site CRISPR DNA Adapted from the natural defense mechanism of bacteria and archaea