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Cancer causing genes are called ________.
a. transformation genes
b. tumor suppressor genes
c. oncogenes
d. mutated genes
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- ___________ are changes to the order of nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein. a. Proto-oncogenes b. Tumor suppressor genes c. Gene mutations d. Negative regulatorsThese genes are involved in normal cell growth and division, but if mutated, could become more active than normal and lead to cancer cell formation. A. Oncogenes B. Tumor suppressor genes C. Proto oncogenes D. All of these________ are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.a. Proto-oncogenesb. Tumor suppressor genesc. Gene mutationsd. Negative regulators
- _____ are characteristic of cancer. a. Malignant cells b. Neoplasms c. TumorsAn individual can inherit a gene in which expression has been altered by an ________ change with no mutation of the gene sequence. Choose the description in column 2 that best matches each gene in column 1. p53 c-myc A. tumor suppressor gene B. oncogeneA cell in this stage of cancer no longer makes the set of proteins that is was originally instructed to make but has not migrated into surrounding tissues; thus at this stage a tissue specific protein production profile could be used to identify a cancer. a. carcinoma, in situ b. dysplasia c. hyperplasia d. malignant tumor
- Cancer cells are distinguished from other normal cells by (select all that apply!): a. having abnormal nuclei. b. inducing angiogenesis. ☐ c. dividing uncontrollably. d. having mutations in their tumor-suppressor genes.Sometimes, malignant cells do not stay properly anchored in tissues because of the loss of function of: a. cell walls b. oncogenes c. plasma membrane adhesion proteins d. nuclear membranes e. tumor suppressor genesWhich of the following demonstrates the link between oncogenes and cancer? a.Oncogenes do not have mutations that increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis. b.Oncogenes produce molecules that inhibit mitosis. c.They are genes that transform tumor cells into normal cells. d.The mutations in oncogenes increase the activity or number of molecules that stimulate mitosis, leading to irregular cell division.
- Match the gene on the left with the gene category on the right. ERBB2 E-cadherin BRCA1 Cdk4 A. oncogene B. proto-oncogene C. low expression in invasive cells D. tumor suppressor geneWhich of the following must scientists understand in order to create effective cancer treatments? Select all that apply. a why cancer is difficult to treat b where cancer originated c how cancer cells multiply d how cancer cells growWhich of the following is not a tumor suppressor gene? a.RET b.RB c.BRCA1 d.BRCA2