Brite Ideas, Incorporated, mass-produces reading lamps. Materials used in constructing the body of the lamp are added at the start of the process, while the materials used in wiring the lamps are added at the halfway point. All labor and overhead are added evenly throughout the manufacturing process. Brite Ideas uses process costing and had the following unit production information available for the months of June and July: Number of lamps in beginning work in process Lamps transferred to finished goods Number of lamps in ending work in process June 810 2,000 1,100 July 1,100 3,480 800 In June, the lamps in beginning work in process were approximately 90 percent complete, while those in ending work in process were only 30 percent complete. In July, the units remaining in ending work in process were 80 percent complete. All lamps in ending work in process each month are finished in the following month. Required a. For the month of June, calculate the equivalent units of production for the three major cost categories-body materials, wiring materials, and labor and overhead. b. For the month of July, calculate the equivalent units of production for the three major cost categories-body materials, wiring materials, and labor and overhead.

Jackson Products produces a barbeque sauce using three departments: Cooking, Mixing, and Bottling. In the Cooking Department, all materials are added at the beginning of the process. Output is measured in ounces. The production data for July are as follows: With respect to conversion costs. Required: 1. Prepare a physical flow schedule for July. 2. Prepare an equivalent units schedule for July using the FIFO method. 3. What if 60 percent of the materials were added at the beginning of the process and 40 percent were added at the end of the process (all ingredients used are treated as the same type or category of materials)? How many equivalent units of materials would there be?

Seacrest Company uses a process-costing system. The company manufactures a product that is processed in two departments: A and B. As work is completed, it is transferred out. All inputs are added uniformly in Department A. The following summarizes the production activity and costs for November: Required: 1. Using the weighted average method, prepare the following for Department A: (a) a physical flow schedule, (b) an equivalent unit calculation, (c) calculation of unit costs (Note: Round to four decimal places.), (d) cost of EWIP and cost of goods transferred out, and (e) a cost reconciliation. 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Prepare journal entries that show the flow of manufacturing costs for Department A. Use a conversion cost control account for conversion costs. Many firms are now combining direct labor and overhead costs into one category. They are not tracking direct labor separately. Offer some reasons for this practice.

Aero Aluminum Inc. uses a process cost system. The records for May show the following information: Required: Prepare a cost of production summary for each department. (Hint: When preparing the Converting production summary, refer to the Rolling production summary for the costs transferred in during the month.)

Sonoma Products Inc. manufactures a liquid product in one department. Due to the nature of the product and the process, units are regularly lost during production. Materials and conversion costs are added evenly throughout the process. The following summaries were prepared for March: Calculate the unit cost for materials, labor, and factory overhead for March and show the costs of units transferred to finished goods and to ending work in process inventory.

The standard cost summary for the most popular product of Phenom Products Co. is shown as follows, together with production and cost data for the period. One gallon each of liquid lead and varnish are added at the start of processing. The balance of the materials is added when the process is two-thirds complete. Labor and overhead are added evenly throughout the process. There were no units in process at the beginning of the month. Required: Calculate equivalent production for materials, labor, and overhead. (Be sure to refer to the standard cost summary to help determine the percentage of materials in ending work in process.) Calculate materials and labor variances and indicate whether they are favorable or unfavorable, using the diagram format shown in Figure 8-4. Determine the cost of materials and labor in the work in process account at the end of the month.

Tanaka Manufacturing Co. uses the process cost system. The following information for the month of December was obtained from the company’s books and from the production reports submitted by the department heads: Required: Prepare cost of production summaries for the Mixing, Blending, and Bottling (Hint: You must calculate the adjusted unit cost from Blending.) departments. Prepare a departmental cost work sheet. Draft the journal entries required to record the month’s operations. Prepare a statement of cost of goods manufactured for December. (Hint: Goods finished but not transferred to finished goods are considered part of work in process inventory.)

The Converting Department of Worley Company had 2,400 units in work in process at the beginning of the period, which were 35% complete. During the period, 10,800 units were completed and transferred to the Packing Department. There were 1,900 units in process at the end of the period, which were 60% complete. Direct materials are placed into the process at the beginning of production. Determine the number of equivalent units of production with respect to direct materials and conversion costs.

Blue Ribbon Flour Company manufactures flour by a series of three processes, beginning in the Milling Department. From the Milling Department, the materials pass through the Sifting and Packaging departments, emerging as packaged refined flour. The balance in the account Work in ProcessSifting Department was as follows on May 1: The following costs were charged to Work in ProcessSifting Department during May: During May, 18,000 units of flour were completed and transferred to finished goods. Work in ProcessSifting Department on May 31 was 1,800 units, 75% completed. Instructions Prepare a cost of production report for the Sifting Department for May, using the weighted average method. Assume that direct materials are placed in process during production.

Cost of production report The debits to Work in ProcessRoasting Department for Morning Brew Coffee Company for August, together with information concerning production, are as follows: All direct materials are placed in process at the beginning of production. A. Prepare a cost of production report, presenting the following computations: 1. Direct materials and conversion equivalent units of production for August 2. Direct materials and conversion costs per equivalent unit for August 3. Cost of goods finished during August 4. Cost of work in process at August 31 B. Compute and evaluate the change in cost per equivalent unit for direct materials and conversion from the previous month (July).