1. Contents of the diagram below was discovered in the 1960s. Explain in detail what this diagram is demonstration and define each component? Where is the CAMP-CRP binding site? Where is the RNA polymerase binding site of the promoter? What is the position of the Transcription start site? Promoter I gene Z gene CAMP-CRP binding site RNA Polymerase binding site Operator MRNA DNA sequence -100-90 一B0 -70 -60 -50一40 -30 -20 -10 +1 +10 十20 小30 +40) MetN -Thr - Met

Transcription in prokaryotic cells O A. is initiated at a promoter and uses only one strand of DNA (the template strand) to synthesize a complementary RNA strand. B. occurs in the nucleus, whereas translation occurs in the cytoplasm. C. is terminated at a stop codon. D. does not need a promoter. O E. is initiated at a start codon with the help of initiation factors and the small subunit of the ribosome. 5

Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1. A. Provides information for production of protein B. Binds to promoter C. Promoter has a box A and box B consensus sequences D. Autocatalytic RNA molecules E. Associated with transcription termination F. Polymerization of ribonucleotides to form RNA molecules G. 7-methyl guanosine H. MRNA prior to processing select - 1. Core RNA polymerase select 2. rho (p) factor select 3. hnRNA select - 4. RNA select -5. RNA polymerase holoenzyme select 6. Ribozymes select - 7. 5' MRNA cap select 8. MRNA

CAP-binding site Gene for Operator Gene for repressor protein Promoter for I gene Promoter for permease lac operon Gene for Gene for B-galactosidase transacetylase lac P, A Regulatory region Coding region For the above picture, draw all the proteins and molecules AND WHERE THEY BIND under conditions of no lactose, no glucose.

The promoter consensus sequence at the -10 BOX in the bio gene in E. coli was TAGACT; however, a transversion occurred which changed the G nucleotide to T, what outcome(s) are likely?   a. transcription levels would decrease because the promoter would be weaker   b. nothing would happen because the promoter would not change the mRNA sequence   c. the mutation would block RNA polymerase from binding to the DNA   d. transcription levels would increase because the promoter would be stronger   e. the bio gene does not require a functional promoter

1. enzymes that catalyze histone acetlation are closesly associated with transription factors, which are proteins that promote transcription. why is this a good biochemical strategy? 2. sp1 is a sqeuence specific human DNA binding protein that binds to a region on the DNA called the GC box, a promoter element with the sequence GGGCGG. Binding of Sp1 to the GC box enhances RNA polymerase 2 activity 50- to a 100 fold. How would you use affinity chromatography to purify SP1?