Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The electronic configuration, bond order, and magnetic properties of
Concept introduction:
Electronic configuration of a molecule is the arrangement of electrons in the molecular orbitals of the molecule.
Two atomic orbitals combine to form a bonding molecular orbital and an antibonding molecular orbital. Orbitals that lie on internuclear axis combine to form
(sigma) molecular orbitals, and orbitals parallel to each other combine to form
molecular orbitals.
The molecular orbitals formed by the combination of
orbital are a bonding molecular orbital, designated by
orbital forms corresponding molecular orbitals.
The molecular orbitals formed by the combination of
orbitals, are a bonding molecular orbital, designated by
The molecular orbitals formed by combining
orbitals are bonding molecular orbitals, designated by
and
and
Electrons are filled in the molecular orbitals in increasing order of energy.
Bond order is determined by subtracting the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals from the number of electrons in bonding orbitals, and dividing by two.
A molecule in which no unpaired electron is present is diamagnetic, whereas one in which all electrons are paired is paramagnetic.
Answer to Problem 73AP
Solution:
a)
b)
c) Diamagnetic
Explanation of Solution
a) The electronic configuration of
The electronic configuration of a phosphorus atom is
The electronic configuration of a nitrogen atom is
and that of a nitrogen molecule is as follows:
Based on nitrogen molecule, and considering only the valence electrons, we can write the electronic configuration of
as follows:
b) The bond order of
Bond order is determined by subtracting the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals from the number of electrons in bonding orbitals, and dividing by two.
In
c) Magnetic properties of
The electronic configuration of
molecule shows that all electrons are paired. Thus, the molecule is diamagnetic.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry
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