Fox and McDonald's Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781118912652
Author: Philip J. Pritchard, John W. Mitchell
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 33P
Assume laminar boundary-layer flow to estimate the drag on four square plates (each 3 in. × 3 in.) placed parallel to a 3 ft/s water flow, for the two configurations shown. Before calculating, which configuration do you expect to experience the lower drag? Assume that the plates attached with string are far enough apart for wake effects to be negligible and that the water is at 70°F.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
A flagpole 16 m high has the shape of a
cylinder 100 mm in diameter. The air temperature is 30°C
and the atmospheric pressure is 101 KPaa. With what
speed is the air blowing against the pole if the moment
developed at the base is 2.7 KN.m? The drag coefficient is
1.3.
Kindly give me both right solutions with clear calculations
The drag polar of a glider is given by CD=0.01+0.022CL2 . If it is launched from a height of 400m in still air. Please determine:(a) the maximum lift to drag ratio ??;(b) the greatest possible ground distance it can cover.
The original Flettner rotor ship was approximately 100 ftlong, displaced 800 tons, and had a wetted area of 3500 ft2. Assketched in Fig. , it had two rotors 50 ft high and 9 ft indiameter rotating at 750 r/min, which is far outside the range. The measured lift and drag coefficients for eachrotor were about 10 and 4, respectively. If the ship is mooredand subjected to a crosswind of 25 ft/s, as in Fig. whatwill the wind force parallel and normal to the ship centerlinebe? Estimate the power required to drive the rotors.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Fox and McDonald's Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
Ch. 9 - The roof of a minivan is approximated as a...Ch. 9 - A model of a river towboat is to be tested at 1:18...Ch. 9 - For flow over a smooth plate, what approximately...Ch. 9 - A model of a thin streamlined body is placed in a...Ch. 9 - A student is to design an experiment involving...Ch. 9 - A 1 m 2 m sheet of plywood is attached to the...Ch. 9 - The extent of the laminar boundary layer on the...Ch. 9 - Velocity profiles in laminar boundary layers often...Ch. 9 - An approximation for the velocity profile in a...Ch. 9 - Evaluate / for each of the laminar boundary-layer...
Ch. 9 - Evaluate the displacement thickness and the...Ch. 9 - Evaluate the displacement thickness and the...Ch. 9 - A fluid, with density = 1.5 slug/ft3, flows at U...Ch. 9 - Solve Problem 9.13 with the velocity profile at...Ch. 9 - Air flows in a horizontal cylindrical duct of...Ch. 9 - Evaluate the displacement thickness and the...Ch. 9 - Evaluate the displacement thickness and the...Ch. 9 - A laboratory wind tunnel has a test section 25 cm...Ch. 9 - Air flows in the entrance region of a square duct,...Ch. 9 - A flow of 68F air develops in a flat horizontal...Ch. 9 - A flow of air develops in a horizontal cylindrical...Ch. 9 - Using numerical results for the Blasius exact...Ch. 9 - Using numerical results obtained by Blasius (Table...Ch. 9 - Using numerical results obtained by Blasius (Table...Ch. 9 - A smooth flat plate 2.4 m long and 0.6 m wide is...Ch. 9 - Consider flow of air over a flat plate. On one...Ch. 9 - A thin flat plate, L = 9 in. long and b = 3 ft...Ch. 9 - For a laminar boundary layer on a flat plate,...Ch. 9 - Air at atmospheric pressure and 20C flows over...Ch. 9 - A thin flat plate is installed in a water tunnel...Ch. 9 - Assume laminar boundary-layer flow to estimate the...Ch. 9 - Assume laminar boundary-layer flow to estimate the...Ch. 9 - Assume laminar boundary-layer flow to estimate the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 34PCh. 9 - Water at 10C flows over a flat plate at a speed of...Ch. 9 - Use the momentum integral equation to derive...Ch. 9 - A smooth flat plate 1.6 ft long is immersed in 68F...Ch. 9 - Prob. 38PCh. 9 - A developing boundary layer of standard air on a...Ch. 9 - Assume the flow conditions given in Example 9.3....Ch. 9 - A flat-bottomed barge having a 150 ft 20 ft...Ch. 9 - European InterCity Express trains operate at...Ch. 9 - Grumman Corp. has proposed to build a magnetic...Ch. 9 - Repeat Problem 9.32, for an air flow at 80 ft/s,...Ch. 9 - The velocity profile in a turbulent boundary-layer...Ch. 9 - The U.S. Navy has built the Sea Shadow, which is a...Ch. 9 - The two rectangular smooth flat plates are to have...Ch. 9 - Standard air flows over a horizontal smooth flat...Ch. 9 - Air at standard conditions flows over a flat...Ch. 9 - A uniform flow of standard air at 60 m/s enters a...Ch. 9 - A laboratory wind tunnel has a flexible upper wall...Ch. 9 - Air flows in a cylindrical duct of diameter D = 6...Ch. 9 - Perform a cost-effectiveness analysis on a typical...Ch. 9 - Table 9.1 (on the web) shows the numerical results...Ch. 9 - A fluid flow enters the plane-wall diffuser that...Ch. 9 - For flow over a flat plate with zero pressure...Ch. 9 - A flat-bottomed barge, 80 ft long and 35 ft wide,...Ch. 9 - A towboat for river barges is tested in a towing...Ch. 9 - Plot the local friction coefficient cf, the...Ch. 9 - A smooth plate 3 m long and 0.9 m wide moves...Ch. 9 - Resistance of a barge is to be determined from...Ch. 9 - A nuclear submarine cruises fully submerged at 27...Ch. 9 - You are asked by your college crew to estimate the...Ch. 9 - The drag coefficient of a circular disk when...Ch. 9 - A steel sphere of 0.25 in. diameter has a velocity...Ch. 9 - A steel sphere (SG = 7.8) of 13 mm diameter falls...Ch. 9 - A sheet of plastic material 0.5 in. thick, with...Ch. 9 - As part of the 1976 bicentennial celebration, an...Ch. 9 - What constant speed will be attained by a lead (SG...Ch. 9 - Assuming a critical Reynolds number of 0.1,...Ch. 9 - Glass spheres of 0.1 in. diameter fall at constant...Ch. 9 - A rotary mixer is constructed from two circular...Ch. 9 - Calculate the drag of a smooth sphere of 0.3 m...Ch. 9 - Calculate the drag of a smooth sphere of 0.5 m...Ch. 9 - A cylindrical chimney 0.9 m in diameter and 22.5 m...Ch. 9 - The resistance to motion of a good bicycle on...Ch. 9 - Ballistic data obtained on a firing range show...Ch. 9 - A standard marine torpedo is 0.533 m in diameter...Ch. 9 - A large truck has an essentially boxlike body that...Ch. 9 - At a surprise party for a friend youve tied a...Ch. 9 - A 0.5-m-diameter hollow plastic sphere containing...Ch. 9 - A simple but effective anemometer to measure wind...Ch. 9 - The Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower) in...Ch. 9 - It is proposed to build a pyramidal building with...Ch. 9 - Calculate the drag forces on a 1/200 scale model...Ch. 9 - A circular disk is hung in an air stream from a...Ch. 9 - A vehicle is built to try for the land-speed...Ch. 9 - An F-4 aircraft is slowed after landing by dual...Ch. 9 - A tractor-trailer rig has frontal area A = 102 ft2...Ch. 9 - A 180hp sports car of frontal area 1.72 m2, with a...Ch. 9 - An object falls in air down a long vertical chute....Ch. 9 - Prob. 99PCh. 9 - A light plane tows an advertising banner over a...Ch. 9 - The antenna on a car is 10 mm in diameter and 1.8...Ch. 9 - Consider small oil droplets (SG = 0.85) rising in...Ch. 9 - Standard air is drawn into a low-speed wind...Ch. 9 - A small sphere with D = 6 mm is observed to fall...Ch. 9 - A tennis ball with a mass of 57 g and diameter of...Ch. 9 - A water tower consists of a 12-m-diameter sphere...Ch. 9 - A cast-iron 12-pounder cannonball rolls off the...Ch. 9 - A rectangular airfoil of 40 ft span and 6 ft chord...Ch. 9 - A rectangular airfoil of 9 m span and 1.8 m chord...Ch. 9 - Why is it possible to kick a football farther in a...Ch. 9 - If CL = 1.0 and CD = 0.05 for an airfoil, then...Ch. 9 - A wing model of 5 in. chord and 2.5 ft span is...Ch. 9 - A barge weighing 8820 kN that is 10 m wide, 30 m...Ch. 9 - A spherical sonar transducer with 15 in. diameter...Ch. 9 - While walking across campus one windy day, an...Ch. 9 - If the mean velocity adjacent to the top of a wing...Ch. 9 - The NACA 23015 airfoil is to move at 180 mph...Ch. 9 - A human-powered aircraft has a gross weight of 240...Ch. 9 - WiffleTM balls made from light plastic with...Ch. 9 - A model airfoil of chord 6 in. and span 30 in. is...Ch. 9 - An antique airplane carries 50 m of external guy...Ch. 9 - How do cab-mounted wind deflectors for...Ch. 9 - An airplane with an effective lift area of 25 m2...Ch. 9 - The U.S. Air Force F-16 fighter aircraft has wing...Ch. 9 - A light airplane, with mass M = 1000 kg, has a...Ch. 9 - A light airplane has 35-ft effective wingspan and...Ch. 9 - Assume the Boeing 727 aircraft has wings with NACA...Ch. 9 - Jim Halls Chaparral 2F sports-racing cars in the...Ch. 9 - Some cars come with a spoiler, a wing section...Ch. 9 - Roadside signs tend to oscillate in a twisting...Ch. 9 - Air moving over an automobile is accelerated to...Ch. 9 - A class demonstration showed that lift is present...Ch. 9 - Rotating cylinders were proposed as a means of...Ch. 9 - A baseball pitcher throws a ball at 80 mph. Home...
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
The cantilevered jib crane is used to support the load of 780 lb, if. x = 5 ft. determine the reactions at the ...
INTERNATIONAL EDITION---Engineering Mechanics: Statics, 14th edition (SI unit)
Use Mohrs circle to determine the normal stress and shear stress acting on the inclined plane AB.
Statics and Mechanics of Materials (5th Edition)
The two identical boards are bolted together to form the beam. Determine the maximum spacing s of the bolts to ...
Mechanics of Materials
F48. Determine the resultant moment produced by the forces about point O.
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
The cable wraps around the inner core, and the spool does not slip on the platform P.
Engineering Mechanics: Dynamics (14th Edition)
An iceberg has a specific weight of 8.72kN/m3. What portion of its volume is above the surface when in seawater...
Applied Fluid Mechanics (7th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A tlat plate of length L and height d is placed at a wall and is parallel to an approaching boundary layer, as in Fig. .Assume that the flow over the plate is fully turbulent and that the approaching flow is a one-seventh-power law: и(у) — U Using strip theory, derive a formula for the drag coefficient of this plate. Compare this result with the drag of the same plate immersed in a uniform stream U,. -L- y = 6 / и(у)arrow_forwardAn aeroplane has a rectangular planform wing with a span of 12 m and a chord of 2 m. The aircraft is flying at cruising speed of 62 m/s at an altitude of 3,200 m. Assume that the skin-friction drag on the wing can be approximated by the drag on a flat plate of the same dimensions at 0° incidence. Calculate the skin-friction drag and the maximum boundary layer thickness assuming (i) a completely laminar flow, and (ii) a completely turbulent flow. Assume μ = 1.63.10-5 N s/m², p = 0.89 kg/m³. Then, calculate the skin-friction drag accounting for transition at Recr= 5.105. What would the drag benefit be if transition was delayed to a Reynolds number of 106? What reduction in a propeller engine power would this imply in the cruise condition, assuming a propeller efficiency of 0.88?arrow_forwardProb.7. A smooth flat plate of length 5 m and width 2 m is moving with a velocity of 4 m/s in stationary air of density 1.25 kg/m and kinematic viscosity 1.5 x 10-5 m2/s. Determine thickness of the boundary layer at the trailing edge of the smooth plate. Find the total drag on one side of the plate assuming that the boundary layer is turbulent from the very beginning.arrow_forward
- Fluid Mechanics Problem: A ship is 150 m long and has a wetted area of 5000 m2.If it is encrusted with barnacles, the ship requires 7000 hp to overcome friction drag when moving in seawater at 15 kn and 20oC. What is the average roughness of the barnacles? How fast would the ship move with the same power if the surface were smooth? Neglect wave drag. Note: Treat the ship hull as a flat plate. Use eq. 7.48b to find effective barnacle roughness height.Use equation (7.45) White for the drag coefficient CD = D/.5pV2A , where A is the hull (plate) area, to find the ship velocity for smooth plate.arrow_forward3) An advertising sign mounted on the roof of a car is 33 inches tall, 15 inches wide and 54 inches long (airflow direction). The underside of the sign is flush with the top surface of the roof. Take air properties to be: p = 0.075 lbm/ft' and u= 1.22x10 lbm/ft.sec. Used a pressure drag coefficient of 1.2 for the advertisement sign. Calculate the total drag on the sign and the power required to overcome its effect if the car is travelling at a constant speed of a) 12 mph and b) 45 mph. Note: Provide a schematic diagram (sketch) of the problem configuration (if applicable). Every numerical calculation must be preceded by the appropriate equation. Do not forget units & dimensions during your calculations.arrow_forwardJane wants to estimate the drag coefficient of herself on herbicycle. She measures the projected frontal area to be 0.40 m2and the rolling resistance to be 0.80 N . s/m. The mass ofthe bike is 15 kg, while the mass of Jane is 80 kg. Jane coasts down a long hill that has a constant 4° slope. (SeeFig. ) She reaches a terminal (steady-state) speed of14 m/s down the hill. Estimate the aerodynamic drag coefficient CD of the rider and bicycle combination.arrow_forward
- plate 450 mm x 150 mm has been placed longitudinally in a stream of crude oil (specific gravity 0.925 and kinematic viscosity of 9.0 x 10-5 m2/s) which flows with velocity of 6 m/s. Calculate: (i) the friction drag on the plate; (ii) the thickness of the boundary layer at a distance 215 mm from the trailing edge;(iii) the thickness of the boundary layer at the trailing edge; (iv) shear stress at the trailing edge.arrow_forwardIn a laboratory, the drag forces that are generated on vehicles that carry are being studied posters (thin flat plates) on the ceiling, for this we first want to determine the coefficient of drag that is generated on a cart without carrying the sign using a force meter (case 1). The Projected frontal area of the carriage is 2 m2 and the force indicated by the meter in case 1 is 300N when moving at 27 m/s. Considering air conditions of T = 20° C, ρ = 1.2 kg/m3, ? = 1.5 ∗10−5m2/s: a) Calculate the drag coefficient of the trolley in case 1 b) Calculate the drag coefficient that is generated on a sign 1 meter long and 0.2 meters of height (flat plate) placed transverse to the flow moving at the same speed of the carriage as illustrated in case 2. The transition Reynolds number is known to be 5 ∗ 10^5 c) Calculate the drag force that is generated only on the plate (consider both sides) d) Draw the free body diagram of the carriage for case 2 and calculate the total force on the cart when…arrow_forwardA wind tunnel is being used to study the aerodynamics of a full-scale model rocket that is 30 cm long. Scaling for drag calculations are based on the Reynolds number. The rocket hasan expected maximum velocity of 190 km/h. What is the Reynolds number at this speed? Assume ambient air is at 20°C. The wind tunnel is capable of speeds up to 160 km/h; so an attempt is made to improve this top speed by varying the air temperature. Calculate the equivalent speed for the wind tunnel using air at 5°C and 65°C. Would replacing air with carbon dioxide provide higher equivalent speeds?arrow_forward
- 31) Estimate the drag force on the fuselage shown below for a cruising speed of 200 m/s at 10,000 m. 8 m 5 m W m W = 20 m Hint 1: To calculate the drag force split the fuselage into 4 parts: front hemisphere, cylindrical body, vertical stabilizer, back hemisphere. Model the front and back hemispheres as flow over a sphere. For simplicity treat the cylindrical body and vertical stabilizer as flat plates Hint 2: Use Ca vs Reynolds number graphs for sphere and flat plate. If your Reynolds number is greater/smaller than the Cd vs Reynolds graph range, you can instead use the greatest/smallest number available on the graph.arrow_forwardA square flat plate with sides of length L 2m and a negligible thickness (out of the page) is held stationary in a stream of air that is moving steadily at standard conditions past the plate with a speed U = 10 m/s that is uniform except for the boundary layers. Assume the plate is oriented so that only friction drag is important. Determine the drag coefficient for this plate. Answer: CD, ≈ 0.003 = U L-arrow_forwardV 13 u . The velocity profile for boundary layer over a 3 y 1 13 y Ux flat plate is given by, u. 2 8x 2 8x 280 Vx where, 8x = 13 u (a) Develop the expression for friction coefficient. (b) Find the expression for average drag coefficient over length L.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University PressMechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSONThermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
- Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEYMechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage LearningEngineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Ficks First and Second Law for diffusion (mass transport); Author: Taylor Sparks;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c3KMpkmZWyo;License: Standard Youtube License