Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus - 6th Edition
Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus - 6th Edition
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780840068071
Author: Stewart, James, Redlin, Lothar, Watson, Saleem
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8.3, Problem 95E
To determine

To solve: the equation.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 95E

  ω0=216[cos(5π12)+isin(5π12)]

  ω1=216[cos(13π12)+isin(13π12)]

  ω2=216[cos(21π12)+isin(21π12)]

These three complex numbers are the solutions to the original equation.

Explanation of Solution

Given:

  z3+1=i

Calculation:

The equation can be rearranged and written as z3=1i . Therefore, the solutions to the equation are the cube roots of the complex number 1i .

Use the Rule of nth Roots of Complex Numbers. This rule states:

If z=r(cosθ+isinθ) and n is a positive integer, then z has the n distinct nth roots

  ωk=r1n[cos(θ+2πkn)+isin(θ+2πkn)]for k=0,1,2,...,n1.

Let's begin by using two formulas,

  r=|z|=a2+b2 and tanθ=ba ,

In order to write our complex number in polar form, our complex number is 11i . The radius/modulus is

  r=a2+b2r=(1)2+(1)2r=1+1r=2

Now, let's find θ .

  tanθ=batanθ=11θ=tan1(1)θ=5π4

Choose this value of theta because our complex number is in Quadrant III. Using these values of r and θ , we can write our complex number in polar form.

  z=r(cosθ+isinθ),z=2(cos(5π4)+isin(5π4))

Now, apply Rule of nth Roots of Complex Numbers to this z .

  ωk=r1n[cos(θ+2πkn)+isin(θ+2πkn)]

Applying this formula with n=3 (because there is a cube root) and the complex number

  z=2(cos(π6)+isin(π6))

We get

  ωk=213[cos(5π4+2πk3)+isin(5π4+2πk3)]ωk=216[cos(5π12+2πk3)+isin(5π12+2πk3)]

Now, let k take on the integer values from 0 to n1 . Since n=3 , go from 0 to 2 (31=2) . Let's start with k=0 .

The cube roots of 1i are

  ω0=216[cos(5π12)+isin(5π12)]ω1=216[cos(13π12)+isin(13π12)]ω2=216[cos(21π12)+isin(21π12)]

These three complex numbers are the solutions to the original equation.

Conclusion:

  ω0=216[cos(5π12)+isin(5π12)]

  ω1=216[cos(13π12)+isin(13π12)]

  ω2=216[cos(21π12)+isin(21π12)]

These three complex numbers are the solutions to the original equation.

Chapter 8 Solutions

Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus - 6th Edition

Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 21ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 27ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 29ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 30ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 31ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 36ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 37ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 38ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 39ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 40ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 41ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 42ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 43ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 44ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 45ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 46ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 47ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 48ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 49ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 50ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 51ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 52ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 53ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 54ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 55ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 56ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 57ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 58ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 59ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 60ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 61ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 63ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 64ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 65ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 66ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 67ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 68ECh. 8.1 - Prob. 69ECh. 8.2 - To plot points in polar coordinates, we use a grid...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 36ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 38ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 48ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 49ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 50ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 51ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 52ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 53ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 54ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 55ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 56ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 57ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 58ECh. 8.2 - Orbit of a Satellite Scientists and engineers...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 60ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 61ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 62ECh. 8.2 - Prob. 63ECh. 8.3 - A complex number z = a + bi has two parts: a is...Ch. 8.3 - Let z = a + bi. (a) The modulus of z is r =...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 8.3 - How many different nth roots does a nonzero...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 42ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 50ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 51ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 52ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 53ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 54ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 55ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 56ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 57ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 58ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 59ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 60ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 61ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 62ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 63ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 64ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 65ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 66ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 67ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 68ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 69ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 70ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 71ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 72ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 73ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 74ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 75ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 76ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 77ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 78ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 79ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 80ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 81ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 82ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 83ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 84ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 85ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 86ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 87ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 88ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 89ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 90ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 91ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 92ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 93ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 94ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 95ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 96ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 97ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 98ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 99ECh. 8.3 - Prob. 100ECh. 8.4 - (a) The parametric equations x = f(t) and y = g(t)...Ch. 8.4 - (a) True or False? The same curve can be described...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 45ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 49ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 52ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 53ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 54ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 56ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 57ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 58ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 59ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 60ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 61ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 62ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 63ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 64ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 65ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 66ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 67ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 68ECh. 8.4 - Prob. 69ECh. 8 - Prob. 1RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 2RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 3RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 4RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 5RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 6RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 7RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 8RCCCh. 8 - Prob. 1RECh. 8 - Prob. 2RECh. 8 - Prob. 3RECh. 8 - Prob. 4RECh. 8 - Prob. 5RECh. 8 - Prob. 6RECh. 8 - Prob. 7RECh. 8 - Prob. 8RECh. 8 - Prob. 9RECh. 8 - Prob. 10RECh. 8 - Prob. 11RECh. 8 - Prob. 12RECh. 8 - Prob. 13RECh. 8 - Prob. 14RECh. 8 - Prob. 15RECh. 8 - Prob. 16RECh. 8 - Prob. 17RECh. 8 - Prob. 18RECh. 8 - Prob. 19RECh. 8 - Prob. 20RECh. 8 - Prob. 21RECh. 8 - Prob. 22RECh. 8 - Prob. 23RECh. 8 - Prob. 24RECh. 8 - Prob. 25RECh. 8 - Prob. 26RECh. 8 - Prob. 27RECh. 8 - Prob. 28RECh. 8 - Prob. 29RECh. 8 - Prob. 30RECh. 8 - Prob. 31RECh. 8 - Prob. 32RECh. 8 - Prob. 33RECh. 8 - Prob. 34RECh. 8 - Prob. 35RECh. 8 - Prob. 36RECh. 8 - Prob. 37RECh. 8 - Prob. 38RECh. 8 - Prob. 39RECh. 8 - Prob. 40RECh. 8 - Prob. 41RECh. 8 - Prob. 42RECh. 8 - Prob. 43RECh. 8 - Prob. 44RECh. 8 - Prob. 45RECh. 8 - Prob. 46RECh. 8 - Prob. 47RECh. 8 - Prob. 48RECh. 8 - Prob. 49RECh. 8 - Prob. 1TCh. 8 - Prob. 2TCh. 8 - Prob. 3TCh. 8 - Prob. 4TCh. 8 - Prob. 5TCh. 8 - Prob. 6TCh. 8 - Prob. 7TCh. 8 - Find parametric equations for the line of slope 2...Ch. 8 - Prob. 1PCh. 8 - Path of a Baseball Suppose a baseball is thrown at...Ch. 8 - Path of a Rocket Suppose that a rocket is fired at...Ch. 8 - Firing a Missile The initial speed of a missile is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5PCh. 8 - Shooting into the Wind Suppose that a projectile...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7P
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