Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781292089034
Author: Paula Yurkanis Bruice
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 65P
In which solvent—ethanol or diethyl ether—would the equilibrium for the following SN2 reaction lie farther to the right?
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Two substitution products result from the
reaction between 3-chloro-3-methyl-1-
butene with sodium acetate (CH3COO – Na +)
in acetic acid under SN1.
Identify the products.
Q4 Which statement below about Sn1 reactions is incorrect?
(A) SN1 reactions are stepwise and have intermediates.
(B) The slow step in a SN1 reaction is formation of the carbocation intermediate.
(C) SN1 reactions have first order kinetics which means only the alkyl halide is involved in the rate limiting step.
(D) The products of a SN1 reaction will be a pair of enantiomers.
(E) An aprotic solvent is best for Sn1 reactions as they tend to help stabilize carbocation intermediates.
Why is there a need to adjust the acid concentration of Group II cations before saturation with H2S?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2PCh. 8.1 - Does increasing the energy barrier for an SN2...Ch. 8.1 - Arrange the following alkyl bromides in order from...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 7PCh. 8.2 - Which reaction in each of the following pairs...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 9PCh. 8.2 - Prob. 11PCh. 8.3 - Draw the substitution products that will be formed...Ch. 8.4 - Arrange the following alkyl halides in order from...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 14P
Ch. 8.5 - Which of the following reactions will go faster if...Ch. 8.6 - After a proton is removed from the OH group, which...Ch. 8.6 - Draw the product of each of the following...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 20PCh. 8.9 - Prob. 21PCh. 8.11 - Why do the SN1/E1 reactions of tertiary alkyl...Ch. 8.11 - Prob. 23PCh. 8.11 - Prob. 24PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 25PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 26PCh. 8.12 - Prob. 27PCh. 8.12 - a In which solvent would tert-butyl bromide...Ch. 8.13 - What would be the best way to prepare the...Ch. 8 - Methoxychlor is an insecticide that was intended...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - Prob. 32PCh. 8 - Prob. 33PCh. 8 - Prob. 34PCh. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - Prob. 36PCh. 8 - Explain how the following changes would affect the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 38PCh. 8 - Draw the major product obtained when each of the...Ch. 8 - Which alkyl halide in Problem 39 can undergo an El...Ch. 8 - Prob. 42PCh. 8 - Prob. 43PCh. 8 - Prob. 44PCh. 8 - Prob. 45PCh. 8 - Starting with bromocyclohexane, how could the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 48PCh. 8 - Fill in the blanks in the following chemical...Ch. 8 - For each of the following alkyl halides, indicate...Ch. 8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8 - a. Explain why 1-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane has...Ch. 8 - An ether can be prepared by an SN2 reaction of an...Ch. 8 - Give two sets of reactants (each set including an...Ch. 8 - Show how the following compounds could be...Ch. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - Prob. 57PCh. 8 - Draw the structures of the products obtained from...Ch. 8 - cis-4-Bromocyclohexanol and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Prob. 61PCh. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Prob. 63PCh. 8 - In which solventethanol or diethyl etherwould the...Ch. 8 - The pKa of acetic acid in water is 4.76. What...
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- The addition of water to aldehydes and ketones occurs rapidly, although it is not thermodynamically favored. What would be the product for the reaction above? Hint: Think of the self-ionization of water and the polarity of the carbonyl group.arrow_forwardAlkynes do not react directly with aqueous acid as do alkenes, but will do so in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate as a Lewis acid catalyst. The reaction occurs with Markovnikov regiochemistry, so the OH group adds to the more highly substituted carbon and the H adds to the less highly substituted carbon. The initial product of the reaction is a vinyl alcohol, also called an enol. The enol immediately rearranges to a more stable ketone via tautomerization. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions -X티 Hö: H-O -CH3 -CH3 H30*arrow_forwardYou are required to synthesize 2-bromopentane from the reaction between an alkene with HBr. Which alkene, 1-pentene or 2-pentene, should you react with HBr in order to get 2-bromopentane? Give an explanation.arrow_forward
- Nucleophilic substitution happens on compounds having nucleophilic groups as leaving groups. The rule is, the weaker the basicity of a group of the substrate, the better is its leaving ability. In these substitution reactions, the basicity of leaving group must be less than the incoming nucleophilic group. Nucleophilic substitution reaction at sp3-hybridized carbon is either bimolecular (SN2) or unimolecular. Bimolecular reaction takes place in single step, involving transition state intermediate. In SN2 reaction, inversion in configuration occurs. In case of optically active alkyl halides, the inversion in configuration is called Walden inversion. SN2 reaction is preferred if the compound has less steric hindrance. On the other hand, unimolecular (SN1) reaction involves two steps and a carbonium ion intermediate. Optically active substrates give racemic mixture in these type of reactions. Which of the following will produce enantiomeric pair on treatment with HOH? " I ÇH, C,Hs-C-Br…arrow_forwardDiscuss SN1 and SN2 reactions , highlighting the key difference between the two reactions.arrow_forwardTreatment of indene with NaNH2 forms its conjugate base in a Brønsted–Lowry acid–base reaction. Draw all reasonable resonance structures for indene’s conjugate base, and explain why the pKa of indene is lower than the pKa of most hydrocarbons.arrow_forward
- If the reactant provided is neutral what can be done in basic conditions to produce a nucleophile. Provide an example of an SN2 reaction where this occurs.arrow_forwardTreatment of indene with NaNH2 forms its conjugate base in a Brønsted– Lowry acid–base reaction. Draw all reasonable resonance structures for indene's conjugate base, and explain why the pKa of indene is lower than the pKa of most hydrocarbons.arrow_forwardAlkenyl halides such as vinyl bromide, CH2=CHBr, undergo neither SN1 nor SN2 reactions. What factors account for this lack of reactivity?arrow_forward
- The following compounds are given to you:2-Bromopentane, 2-Bromo-2-methylbutane, 1-Bromopentane(i) Write the compound which is most reactive towards SN2 reaction.(ii) Write the compound which is optically active.(iii) Write the compound which is most reactive towards P-elimination reaction.arrow_forwardExplain the substituent effect on properties of selected molecules such as resonance stability, acidity, acidic properties, basic properties and carbocation stabilityarrow_forwardC(CH3)2OH C(CH3):X +H20 where (X=F, CI, Br, I) give reaction with each of halogen as well determine with which halogen substitution reaction is more favorable and feasible and give reason of its feasibility?arrow_forward
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