The two stereoisomeric alkanes which are formed on the catalytic hydrogenation of (E)-3-methyl-2-hexene are to be drawn and their relative amounts are to be determined. Concept introduction: Since alkenes have the capacity to react with substances that add to them, they are unsaturated hydrocarbons. Alkenes, upon catalytic hydrogenation, are converted to the corresponding alkanes. Catalytic hydrogenation is a stereospecific “syn” addition. In syn addition, both hydrogens add to the same face of the double bond. The rate of hydrogenation is accelerated by the use of a metal catalyst by providing an alternative pathway involving low activation energy. Hydrogenation of alkenes may produce alkanes, which have one or more chirality centers. Thus, stereoisomeric alkanes can be formed by the hydrogenation of alkenes. The (E)- or (Z)- configuration of the starting alkene and the syn stereochemistry of addition are the factors that combine to determine which stereoisomers are actually formed in the reaction.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The two stereoisomeric alkanes which are formed on the catalytic hydrogenation of (E)-3-methyl-2-hexene are to be drawn and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Since alkenes have the capacity to react with substances that add to them, they are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Alkenes, upon catalytic hydrogenation, are converted to the corresponding alkanes.

Catalytic hydrogenation is a stereospecific “syn” addition. In syn addition, both hydrogens add to the same face of the double bond. The rate of hydrogenation is accelerated by the use of a metal catalyst by providing an alternative pathway involving low activation energy.

Hydrogenation of alkenes may produce alkanes, which have one or more chirality centers. Thus, stereoisomeric alkanes can be formed by the hydrogenation of alkenes.

The (E)- or (Z)- configuration of the starting alkene and the syn stereochemistry of addition are the factors that combine to determine which stereoisomers are actually formed in the reaction.

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What two stereoisomeric alkanes are formed in the catalytic hydrogenation of (Z)-3-methyl-2-hexene? Draw and label the alkanes. In this reaction, what are the relative amounts of each of the two alkanes generated?

What reaction conditions are needed to convert (R)-2-ethyl-2-methyloxirane to (S)-2- methylbutane-1,2-diol ?

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The two stereoisomeric alkanes which are formed on the catalytic hydrogenation of (E)-3-methyl-2-hexene are to be drawn and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Since alkenes have the capacity to react with substances that add to them, they are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Alkenes, upon catalytic hydrogenation, are converted to the corresponding alkanes.

Catalytic hydrogenation is a stereospecific “syn” addition. In syn addition, both hydrogens add to the same face of the double bond. The rate of hydrogenation is accelerated by the use of a metal catalyst by providing an alternative pathway involving low activation energy.

Hydrogenation of alkenes may produce alkanes, which have one or more chirality centers. Thus, stereoisomeric alkanes can be formed by the hydrogenation of alkenes.

The (E)- or (Z)- configuration of the starting alkene and the syn stereochemistry of addition are the factors that combine to determine which stereoisomers are actually formed in the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The two stereoisomeric alkanes which are formed on the catalytic hydrogenation of (E)-3-methyl-2-hexene are to be drawn and their relative amounts are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Since alkenes have the capacity to react with substances that add to them, they are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Alkenes, upon catalytic hydrogenation, are converted to the corresponding alkanes.

Catalytic hydrogenation is a stereospecific “syn” addition. In syn addition, both hydrogens add to the same face of the double bond. The rate of hydrogenation is accelerated by the use of a metal catalyst by providing an alternative pathway involving low activation energy.

Hydrogenation of alkenes may produce alkanes, which have one or more chirality centers. Thus, stereoisomeric alkanes can be formed by the hydrogenation of alkenes.

The (E)- or (Z)- configuration of the starting alkene and the syn stereochemistry of addition are the factors that combine to determine which stereoisomers are actually formed in the reaction.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Molecules that have multiple bonds between their carbon atoms. Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two adjacent carbon atoms (R 2 C=CR 2 ), whereas alkynes are hydrocarbons with a triple bond between two adjacent carbon atoms R-C=C-R . These two groups are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They have fewer hydrogen atoms when compared with alkanes with same number of carbon atoms. The general molecular formula for an unsaturated hydrocarbon can be represented as C n H 2n +2 .

Chapter 8, Problem 33P

Interpretation Introduction