Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 19E
Which type of object would likely cause more damage if it struck near an urban area: a small metallic object or a large stony/icy one?
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The iron meteorite that created Barringer Crater (Arizona) was 50 m in diameter. It caused a crater 1.2 km (1200 m) in diameter, that is, 24 times bigger than the impactor. Keeping in mind that the size of the crater depends on many factors, such as the type of rocks present in the area, estimate the approximate size of the impactor that produced Mare Serenitatis.
Explain the light emission by meteorite?
What are the conditions necessary for a terrestrial planet to have a strong magnetic field?
A molten metallic core only
Fast rotation only
A rocky mantel only
Both a molten metallic core and fairly fast rotation
Both a molten metallic core and a rocky mantle
Chapter 8 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 8 - What is the thickest interior layer of Earth? The...Ch. 8 - What are Earth’s core and mantle made of? Explain...Ch. 8 - Describe the differences among primitive, igneous,...Ch. 8 - Explain briefly how the following phenomena happen...Ch. 8 - What is the source of Earth’s magnetic field?Ch. 8 - Why is the shape of the magnetosphere not...Ch. 8 - Although he did not present a mechanism, what were...Ch. 8 - List the possible interactions between Earth’s...Ch. 8 - List, in order of decreasing altitude, the...Ch. 8 - In which atmospheric layer are almost all...
Ch. 8 - What is, by far, the most abundant component of...Ch. 8 - In which domain of living things do you find...Ch. 8 - Describe three ways in which the presence of life...Ch. 8 - Briefly describe the greenhouse effect.Ch. 8 - How do impacts by comets and asteroids influence...Ch. 8 - Why are there so many impact craters on our...Ch. 8 - Detail some of the anthropogenic changes to...Ch. 8 - If you wanted to live where the chances of a...Ch. 8 - Which type of object would likely cause more...Ch. 8 - If all life were destroyed on Earth by a large...Ch. 8 - Why is a decrease in Earth’s ozone harmful to...Ch. 8 - Why are we concerned about the increases in CO2...Ch. 8 - Do you think scientists should make plans to...Ch. 8 - Europe and North America are moving apart by about...Ch. 8 - Over the entire Earth, there are 60,000 km of...Ch. 8 - With the information from Exercise 8.25, you can...Ch. 8 - What is the volume of new oceanic basalt added to...Ch. 8 - Suppose a major impact that produces a mass...Ch. 8 - How do the risks of dying from the impact of an...Ch. 8 - What fraction of Earth’s volume is taken up by the...Ch. 8 - Approximately what percentage of Earth’s radius is...Ch. 8 - What is the drift rate of the Pacific plate over...Ch. 8 - What is the percent increase of atmospheric CO2 in...Ch. 8 - Estimate the mass of the object that formed Meteor...
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- What evidence indicates that some asteroids once had geologically active surfaces?arrow_forwardWhy is it more useful to classify meteorites according to whether they are primitive or differentiated rather than whether they are stones, irons, or stony-irons?arrow_forwardSuppose a new primitive meteorite is discovered (sometime after it falls in a field of soybeans) and analysis reveals that it contains a trace of amino acids, all of which show the same rotational symmetry (unlike the Murchison meteorite). What might you conclude from this finding?arrow_forward
- Re-order the numbers so the events occur in the correct order, with the oldest event as number 2, and the youngest event as number 13. 2. Now at roughly 100% of present-day mass and the asteroid bombardment over, Earth begins cooling and differentiating. As the outer layer of the Earth cools and solidifies, lighter elements and compounds rise to the surface while the denser ones sink to the core 3. The now differentiated ice, gas, and dust of the solar accretion disc conglomerates together into asteroids from gravity 4. "The Big Whack" A Mars-sized protoplanet we call Theia collides with primitive Earth, adding even more energy and mass 5. The Big Bang 6. As the early atmosphere cools, water vapor is eventually cool enough to condense into liquid water, eventually covering the planet in an ocean 7. The debris from the collision of Earth and Theia produce a ring in orbit. This ring eventually coalesces into the Moon, just as Earth coalesced from the solar accretion disc 8. A nebula…arrow_forwardAbout how many exoplanets have been detected? Group of answer choices 2 dozen a few hundred a few thousand a few million more than a billionarrow_forwardWhich is not a type of asteroid A) Rocky B) Oxygen C) Metal D) Metal and Rock (mixed) E) All are types of asteroids 0) The solar system formed from A) A gas cloud B) Interplanetary asteroids C) Interaction between the Sun's magnetic field and dust D) Material brought in from other clouds E) None of the above.arrow_forward
- Which of the following events can NOT be explained by a giant impact event? The large metallic core of Mercury The extreme axis tilt of Uranus The formation of the Moon The backwards rotation of Venusarrow_forwardCompare asteroids of the asteroid belt with Earth-approaching asteroids. What is the main difference between the two groups?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is least reasonable regarding impact craters? Group of answer choices The size and shape of the crater and the amount of material excavated depends on factors such as the velocity and mass of the impacting body and the geology of the surface. Craters are most often are circular but more elongate craters can be produced with impactors striking the surface at very low angles. The Moon has more craters than the Earth because of its strong tidal force on the impactors. Objects from space typically hit Earth at about 20 km/s ande produce craters that can be approximately 20 times larger in diameter than the impacting objects. The faster the incoming impactor, the larger the crater.arrow_forward
- INVEST IGATION 3 1. Fill out this data table with information you have collected (from Handout B: Pluto) about the dwarf planet Pluto. Characteristics Unit Pluto Mass 1024 g 14.6 Volume 1024 Cm3 7 Density g/cm3 2.08 5,900.4 Distance from Sun 106 km 1,185 Radius km Crust Thickness km unknown Atmosphere Height km 60 km Axial Tilt degrees 122.5 Force of Gravity on a 1 kg test mass Length of Day hoursarrow_forwardIf you'd looked up at the sky when the material from the impact site was re-entering the Earth's atmosphere, what would the sky have looked like? a The normal blue appearance of the sky b A purple glow c The greenish color of the aurora d Red-hot lavaarrow_forwardWhat is the significance of size of the planet and its atmostphere in supporting life? What two planets have the possibility in supporting life like earth?arrow_forward
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