Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7.2, Problem 1CS
Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Table 45.1. With regard to oxygen needs, what advantage do glycolytic muscle fibers provide?
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Reflect back on the Muscle Fatigue investigation we did earlier in this Activity. Choose one of your classmate’s interpretation to one of these questions:
What happened to your energy & ability to pinch the clothespin as you progressed through each trial? Why?
What might cause one to be able to get more squeezes, in other words, to have less fatigue? Explain in terms of biological concepts.
Suggest how the amount of ATP produced cause your muscle cells to be less efficient. When did this change in the amount of ATP produced occur in this investigation? How could you tell?
Your muscles would probably recover enough after 10 minutes to operate at the original efficiency. Explain why.
Show how specific details from the steps of cellular respiration add details to answer this question.
Work 6. Comparison of physiological properties of different types of muscles.
TABLE 4.
SKELETAL MUSCLES
SMOOTH MUSCLES
RESTING POTENTIAL (LEVEL, IN MV)
DURATION OF ACTION POTENTIAL
CALCIUM-BINDING PROTEINS
DURATION OF THE CYCLE
CONTRACTION-RELAXATION
AYTOMATICITY
NTERCELLULAR CONTACTS
SENSITIVITY TO BIOLOGICALLY
ACTIVE SUBSTANCES
Vhat are the two types of muscle movement categories? Give an example for both.
Describe Swammerdam's experiment and Galvani's experiment with frog legs. What did they tell us about muscle
contraction?
What is the sliding-filament model for muscle contraction? Describe the role of actin and myosin of sarcomeres in
the model (be specific).
Describe how an action potential triggers muscle contraction. Know the specific molecules involved.
. Describe the structural and functional differences between smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscles. What are the
three types of skeletal muscle fibers and how do they differ in structure and function?
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 7.2 - Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Table 45.1....Ch. 7.2 - Which organic molecules donate a phosphate group...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.5 - Explain the meaning of the name cytochrome...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 1CSCh. 7.6 - Prob. 1EQCh. 7.6 - CoreSKILL In the experiment of Figure 7.13, what...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 3EQ
Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7 - Which of the following pathways occurs in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYCh. 7 - Which organic molecule supplies a two-carbon group...Ch. 7 - The ability to diagnose tumors using...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6TYCh. 7 - Certain drugs, which are called ionophores, cause...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8TYCh. 7 - Prob. 9TYCh. 7 - Prob. 10TYCh. 7 - Prob. 1CQCh. 7 - What causes the rotation of the subunit of ATP...Ch. 7 - Core Concept: Energy and Matter How is glucose...Ch. 7 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Move Making Connections, Student Laboratory Packet, page 5 A2. How Does Fatigue Affect Muscle Performance? A condition known as muscle fatigue occurs when certain waste products of muscle cell activity build up in the cells. Until these waste chemicals are removed, the fatigue will continue. Do the Following Activity Hold a spring-type clothespin between your thumb and index finger. Pinch the ends together completely (until the two ends touch) and release them. Do this as rapidly as possible for one minute. Record the number of times you could squeeze the clothespin in one minute: Try the activity again, doing it the same way and using the same two fingers as before. Record the number of times you could squeeze the clothespin the second time: Answer the Following Questions Some people are able to squeeze the clothespin more times in a minute than others. Suggest a possible explanation for this. Could you do as many in a minute the second time as you could do the first time? Provide a…arrow_forwardHow does using fatigue assist in understanding how the stretch-shortening cycle works?arrow_forward@asap@arrow_forward
- what is the answer?arrow_forwardIsometric exercise is best described as applying a force O a) with movement through a full and complete range of motion O b) while a muscle is lengthening and returning to a resting position c) without any change in length of the muscle O d) at a constant speedarrow_forwardDifferentiate isotonic, isometric, and isokinetic exercisesarrow_forward
- How does exercise prevent injury? How do you use the FITT principle for a beginner? What exercise causes the most injuries?arrow_forwardThank youarrow_forwardCalcium initiates smooth muscle contraction by leading to the phosphorylation of calcium channels leading to the phosphorylation of myosin • activating myosin light chain phosphatase removing tropomyosin from actinarrow_forward
- BIO168 Human Anatomy & Physiology I Practice Worksheet B Sequence of muscle contraction Number the following statements in their proper sequence to describe the contraction mechanism in a skeletal muscle cell. _____ A. Acetylcholine is released into the neuromuscular junction by the axonal terminal. _____ B. The action potential, carried deep into the cell, causes the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions. ____ C. The muscle cell relaxes and lengthens. _____ D. Acetylcholine diffuses across the neuromuscular junction and binds to receptors on the sarcolemma. ____ E. The calcium ion concentration at the myofilaments increases; the myofilaments slide past one another, and the cell shortens. _____ F. Depolarization occurs, and the action potential is generated. _____ G. As calcium is actively reabsorbed into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, its concentration at the myofilaments decreases.arrow_forwardMULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS. Select all that apply. Which of the following occurs when the muscle is excited (contracting)? The myosin binding site on the actin thin filaments are covered Ca2+ ion are being released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm Zone of overlap of a sprcomere increases The H-zone of a sarcomere gets larger O The myosin head is NOT attached to the actin thin filament - Previous Nextarrow_forwardMuscles need energy to function properly. Identify a minimum of two pathways generating ATP during muscle activitarrow_forward
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