7.88 The N 5 + cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below. Indicate the hybridization expected for each nitrogen atom and the expected bond angles. Assuming that the structure shown above is correct, how many of the five nitrogen atoms would always lie in the same plane?

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE

7.88 The $N 5 +$ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.
Indicate the hybridization expected for each nitrogen atom and the expected bond angles.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE, 7.88 The N5+ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.

Assuming that the structure shown above is correct, how many of the five nitrogen atoms would always lie in the same plane?

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find out the hybridization of $N5+$ cation and the bond angles

Concept introduction:

The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory are used to explain the chemical bonding in the molecule.

Answer to Problem 7.88PAE

Solution: Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Explanation of Solution

The $N5+$ cation is commonly called as pentazenium cation. It contains positively charged polynitrogen ion with chemical formula $N5+$ .The $N5+$ cation, the Lewis structure is $:N≡N-N••••-N≡N:$ . Based on valence bond theory, $N5+$ contains six resonance structures as follows:

$[N≡N+-N--N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N-N+≡N]+↔[N≡N+-N=N+=N−]+↔[N≡N+-N+≡N+-N2−]+↔[N2--N+≡N+-N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N+=N+=N-]+$

Based on the x-ray experimental information, the $N5+$ cation is planar and symmetrical in nature. It has a V-shaped structure with bond angles $111°$ at the centre atom $(N2-N3-N4)$ and the bond angle for $(N1-N2-N3 and N3-N4-N5)$ is calculated as $168°$ . The bond lengths for $N1-N2 and N4-N5$ are predicted as $1.10A∘$ . The bond lengths for $N2-N3 and N3-N4$ are calculated as $1.30Ao$ .

Consider the structure, $:N(1)≡N(2)-N(3)••••-N(4)≡N(5)$ : in this pentazenium ion $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized it contains triple bond with other species and a lone pair of electrons. For $N2 and N4$ are $sp2$ hybridized it contains a single bond and the double bond. For $N3$ it is $sp3$ hybridized in nature. It contains two single bonds and a lone pair of electron. The pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lie in the plane.

Conclusion

Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE

7.88 The $N 5 +$ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.
Indicate the hybridization expected for each nitrogen atom and the expected bond angles.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE, 7.88 The N5+ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.

Assuming that the structure shown above is correct, how many of the five nitrogen atoms would always lie in the same plane?

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find out the hybridization of $N5+$ cation and the bond angles

Concept introduction:

The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory are used to explain the chemical bonding in the molecule.

Answer to Problem 7.88PAE

Solution: Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Explanation of Solution

The $N5+$ cation is commonly called as pentazenium cation. It contains positively charged polynitrogen ion with chemical formula $N5+$ .The $N5+$ cation, the Lewis structure is $:N≡N-N••••-N≡N:$ . Based on valence bond theory, $N5+$ contains six resonance structures as follows:

$[N≡N+-N--N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N-N+≡N]+↔[N≡N+-N=N+=N−]+↔[N≡N+-N+≡N+-N2−]+↔[N2--N+≡N+-N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N+=N+=N-]+$

Based on the x-ray experimental information, the $N5+$ cation is planar and symmetrical in nature. It has a V-shaped structure with bond angles $111°$ at the centre atom $(N2-N3-N4)$ and the bond angle for $(N1-N2-N3 and N3-N4-N5)$ is calculated as $168°$ . The bond lengths for $N1-N2 and N4-N5$ are predicted as $1.10A∘$ . The bond lengths for $N2-N3 and N3-N4$ are calculated as $1.30Ao$ .

Consider the structure, $:N(1)≡N(2)-N(3)••••-N(4)≡N(5)$ : in this pentazenium ion $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized it contains triple bond with other species and a lone pair of electrons. For $N2 and N4$ are $sp2$ hybridized it contains a single bond and the double bond. For $N3$ it is $sp3$ hybridized in nature. It contains two single bonds and a lone pair of electron. The pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lie in the plane.

Conclusion

Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE

7.88 The $N 5 +$ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.
Indicate the hybridization expected for each nitrogen atom and the expected bond angles.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE, 7.88 The N5+ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.

Assuming that the structure shown above is correct, how many of the five nitrogen atoms would always lie in the same plane?

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find out the hybridization of $N5+$ cation and the bond angles

Concept introduction:

The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory are used to explain the chemical bonding in the molecule.

Answer to Problem 7.88PAE

Solution: Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Explanation of Solution

The $N5+$ cation is commonly called as pentazenium cation. It contains positively charged polynitrogen ion with chemical formula $N5+$ .The $N5+$ cation, the Lewis structure is $:N≡N-N••••-N≡N:$ . Based on valence bond theory, $N5+$ contains six resonance structures as follows:

$[N≡N+-N--N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N-N+≡N]+↔[N≡N+-N=N+=N−]+↔[N≡N+-N+≡N+-N2−]+↔[N2--N+≡N+-N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N+=N+=N-]+$

Based on the x-ray experimental information, the $N5+$ cation is planar and symmetrical in nature. It has a V-shaped structure with bond angles $111°$ at the centre atom $(N2-N3-N4)$ and the bond angle for $(N1-N2-N3 and N3-N4-N5)$ is calculated as $168°$ . The bond lengths for $N1-N2 and N4-N5$ are predicted as $1.10A∘$ . The bond lengths for $N2-N3 and N3-N4$ are calculated as $1.30Ao$ .

Consider the structure, $:N(1)≡N(2)-N(3)••••-N(4)≡N(5)$ : in this pentazenium ion $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized it contains triple bond with other species and a lone pair of electrons. For $N2 and N4$ are $sp2$ hybridized it contains a single bond and the double bond. For $N3$ it is $sp3$ hybridized in nature. It contains two single bonds and a lone pair of electron. The pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lie in the plane.

Conclusion

Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE

7.88 The $N 5 +$ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.
Indicate the hybridization expected for each nitrogen atom and the expected bond angles.

Chapter 7, Problem 7.88PAE, 7.88 The N5+ cation has been synthesized and studied. Consider the possible Lewis structure below.

Assuming that the structure shown above is correct, how many of the five nitrogen atoms would always lie in the same plane?

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find out the hybridization of $N5+$ cation and the bond angles

Concept introduction:

The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory are used to explain the chemical bonding in the molecule.

Answer to Problem 7.88PAE

Solution: Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Explanation of Solution

The $N5+$ cation is commonly called as pentazenium cation. It contains positively charged polynitrogen ion with chemical formula $N5+$ .The $N5+$ cation, the Lewis structure is $:N≡N-N••••-N≡N:$ . Based on valence bond theory, $N5+$ contains six resonance structures as follows:

$[N≡N+-N--N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N-N+≡N]+↔[N≡N+-N=N+=N−]+↔[N≡N+-N+≡N+-N2−]+↔[N2--N+≡N+-N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N+=N+=N-]+$

Based on the x-ray experimental information, the $N5+$ cation is planar and symmetrical in nature. It has a V-shaped structure with bond angles $111°$ at the centre atom $(N2-N3-N4)$ and the bond angle for $(N1-N2-N3 and N3-N4-N5)$ is calculated as $168°$ . The bond lengths for $N1-N2 and N4-N5$ are predicted as $1.10A∘$ . The bond lengths for $N2-N3 and N3-N4$ are calculated as $1.30Ao$ .

Consider the structure, $:N(1)≡N(2)-N(3)••••-N(4)≡N(5)$ : in this pentazenium ion $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized it contains triple bond with other species and a lone pair of electrons. For $N2 and N4$ are $sp2$ hybridized it contains a single bond and the double bond. For $N3$ it is $sp3$ hybridized in nature. It contains two single bonds and a lone pair of electron. The pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lie in the plane.

Conclusion

Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find out the hybridization of $N5+$ cation and the bond angles

Concept introduction:

The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory are used to explain the chemical bonding in the molecule.

Answer to Problem 7.88PAE

Solution: Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Explanation of Solution

The $N5+$ cation is commonly called as pentazenium cation. It contains positively charged polynitrogen ion with chemical formula $N5+$ .The $N5+$ cation, the Lewis structure is $:N≡N-N••••-N≡N:$ . Based on valence bond theory, $N5+$ contains six resonance structures as follows:

$[N≡N+-N--N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N-N+≡N]+↔[N≡N+-N=N+=N−]+↔[N≡N+-N+≡N+-N2−]+↔[N2--N+≡N+-N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N+=N+=N-]+$

Based on the x-ray experimental information, the $N5+$ cation is planar and symmetrical in nature. It has a V-shaped structure with bond angles $111°$ at the centre atom $(N2-N3-N4)$ and the bond angle for $(N1-N2-N3 and N3-N4-N5)$ is calculated as $168°$ . The bond lengths for $N1-N2 and N4-N5$ are predicted as $1.10A∘$ . The bond lengths for $N2-N3 and N3-N4$ are calculated as $1.30Ao$ .

Consider the structure, $:N(1)≡N(2)-N(3)••••-N(4)≡N(5)$ : in this pentazenium ion $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized it contains triple bond with other species and a lone pair of electrons. For $N2 and N4$ are $sp2$ hybridized it contains a single bond and the double bond. For $N3$ it is $sp3$ hybridized in nature. It contains two single bonds and a lone pair of electron. The pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lie in the plane.

Conclusion

Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find out the hybridization of $N5+$ cation and the bond angles

Concept introduction:

The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory are used to explain the chemical bonding in the molecule.

Answer to Problem 7.88PAE

Solution: Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Explanation of Solution

The $N5+$ cation is commonly called as pentazenium cation. It contains positively charged polynitrogen ion with chemical formula $N5+$ .The $N5+$ cation, the Lewis structure is $:N≡N-N••••-N≡N:$ . Based on valence bond theory, $N5+$ contains six resonance structures as follows:

$[N≡N+-N--N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N-N+≡N]+↔[N≡N+-N=N+=N−]+↔[N≡N+-N+≡N+-N2−]+↔[N2--N+≡N+-N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N+=N+=N-]+$

Based on the x-ray experimental information, the $N5+$ cation is planar and symmetrical in nature. It has a V-shaped structure with bond angles $111°$ at the centre atom $(N2-N3-N4)$ and the bond angle for $(N1-N2-N3 and N3-N4-N5)$ is calculated as $168°$ . The bond lengths for $N1-N2 and N4-N5$ are predicted as $1.10A∘$ . The bond lengths for $N2-N3 and N3-N4$ are calculated as $1.30Ao$ .

Consider the structure, $:N(1)≡N(2)-N(3)••••-N(4)≡N(5)$ : in this pentazenium ion $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized it contains triple bond with other species and a lone pair of electrons. For $N2 and N4$ are $sp2$ hybridized it contains a single bond and the double bond. For $N3$ it is $sp3$ hybridized in nature. It contains two single bonds and a lone pair of electron. The pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lie in the plane.

Conclusion

Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find out the hybridization of $N5+$ cation and the bond angles

Concept introduction:

The valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory are used to explain the chemical bonding in the molecule.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 7.88PAE

Solution: Pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lies the same plane. $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized , $N2 and N4$

$sp2$ hybridized and $N3$ is $sp$ hybridized in the pentazenium ion.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

The $N5+$ cation is commonly called as pentazenium cation. It contains positively charged polynitrogen ion with chemical formula $N5+$ .The $N5+$ cation, the Lewis structure is $:N≡N-N••••-N≡N:$ . Based on valence bond theory, $N5+$ contains six resonance structures as follows:

$[N≡N+-N--N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N-N+≡N]+↔[N≡N+-N=N+=N−]+↔[N≡N+-N+≡N+-N2−]+↔[N2--N+≡N+-N+≡N]+↔[N-=N+=N+=N+=N-]+$

Based on the x-ray experimental information, the $N5+$ cation is planar and symmetrical in nature. It has a V-shaped structure with bond angles $111°$ at the centre atom $(N2-N3-N4)$ and the bond angle for $(N1-N2-N3 and N3-N4-N5)$ is calculated as $168°$ . The bond lengths for $N1-N2 and N4-N5$ are predicted as $1.10A∘$ . The bond lengths for $N2-N3 and N3-N4$ are calculated as $1.30Ao$ .

Consider the structure, $:N(1)≡N(2)-N(3)••••-N(4)≡N(5)$ : in this pentazenium ion $N(1) and N(5)$ are $sp$ hybridized it contains triple bond with other species and a lone pair of electrons. For $N2 and N4$ are $sp2$ hybridized it contains a single bond and the double bond. For $N3$ it is $sp3$ hybridized in nature. It contains two single bonds and a lone pair of electron. The pentazenium ion $N2 and N4$ are lie in the plane.