Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605180
Author: Gerard J. Tortora, Berdell R. Funke, Christine L. Case, Derek Weber, Warner Bair
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7, Problem 4R
Summary Introduction
To review:
Effects of gamma radiation and UV radiation on microorganisms.
Introduction:
Antimicrobial is an agent that kills and stops the growth of microorganisms. Gamma radiation is an ionizing radiation with shorter wave length having the ability to penetrate deeply. UV radiation is a non-ionizing radiation with longer wave length having minimum ability to penetrate.
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Identify the single most correct choice: ()
a) lodine can inactivate microbial cellular proteins.
( b) Alcohols may dissolve lipids and hence possess antimicrobial activities.
c) Moist heat may result in protein denaturation and hence possess antimicrobial activities.
7 d) a and c
e) b and c
f) a, b and c
Which of the following is not a property of an antimicrobialagent?(a) Must have a favorable chemotherapeutic index(b) Must be selectively toxic(c) Must be effective against viral diseases(d) Must have a known concentration over a period oftime required to eliminate a pathogen(e) b and c
Could an organism that is susceptible to an antimicrobial agent in laboratory testing fail to respond to it when that drug is used to treat the patient? Explain.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Ch. 7 - The thermal death time for a suspension of...Ch. 7 - If pasteurization does not achieve sterilization,...Ch. 7 - Thermal death point is not considered an accurate...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4RCh. 7 - DRAW IT A bacterial culture was in log phase in...Ch. 7 - How do autoclaving, hot air, and pasteurization...Ch. 7 - How do salts and sugars preserve foods? Why are...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8RCh. 7 - A large hospital washes burn patients in a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10R
Ch. 7 - Which of the following does not kill endospores?...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is most effective for...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 7 - Which of the following cannot be used to sterilize...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 7 - The data were obtained from a use-dilution test...Ch. 7 - The data were obtained from a use-dilution test...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 7 - A classmate is trying to determine how a...Ch. 7 - Which of the following is most likely to be...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1ACh. 7 - For each of the following bacteria, explain why it...Ch. 7 - A use-dilution test was used to evaluate two...Ch. 7 - To determine the lethal action of microwave...Ch. 7 - Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia were...Ch. 7 - Between March 9 and April 12five chronic...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3CAE
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- The benefits of properly using radioactivity include al Treating cancer in human beings. Ob) Irradiating food to kill harmful bacteria. c) All of these Od) Measuring the proper amounts of fertilizer on farms.arrow_forwardWhich statement among A-D is false regarding physical and chemical agents of control? A) O Effective killing of bacteria via irradiation with UV light would likely take longer than if irradiated with gamma rays or x-rays. B) O Detergent-type disinfectants exert their effect by solubilizing membranes. C) O Antiseptics are generally not as strongly concentrated as disinfectants D) O Sterilization and pasteurization are equivalent processes.arrow_forwardSavlon Extra” disinfectant is known to exhibit good antimicrobial activity against Shigella dysenteriae. At 20oC a concentration of 5% v/v kills 2.0 x106 Sh. dysenteriae cells in 15 minutes. At 25oC the organisms were killed in 5 minutes. a) Calculate the temperature coefficient of Savlon Extra b). How long will it take the same concentration to kill the same number of Sh. dysenteriae cells at 30oC?arrow_forward
- The type of antimicrobial drug that would be most likely to have toxic effects in humans based on the premise of selective toxicity when treating microbial infection would be a drug that O 1) inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall O 2) inhibits metabolic pathways O 3) disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane 4) inhibits protein synthesis 5) All of the above have equal potential to be toxicarrow_forwardQuestion 12 Which of the following statements regarding foodborne botulism is correct? Question 12 options: a) An effective vaccine is available for the prevention of botulism b) Botulism is not life-threatening, even when the infection is left untreated c) Large amounts of bacteria must be consumed to cause botulism d) Botulism is an example of an intoxicationarrow_forwardTylenol 3 with Codeine is an example of a _______________ drug. A) Schedule II B) Schedule III C) Schedule IV D) Schedule Varrow_forward
- Antibiotics are very important in modern medical treatment: a) How is Giardia, a eukaryotic pathogenic parasite, affected by penicillin? Explain your answer. b) Is it beneficial to use sulfonamide and trimethoprim at the same time to treat an infection? Motivate your answer.arrow_forward1.) During a laboratory activity, Chemical reactions from mixture of chemicals should be observed under which laboratory equipment? a.) autoclave b.) fume hood c.) Labaratory Safety cabinet d.) Centrifuge 2.) Which type of equipment contains a HEPA filter that only removes suspended materials from exhausted air? a.) Fume hood b.) Biosafety Cabinet I c.) Biosafety Cabinet II d.) Biosafety Cabinet IIIarrow_forward(c) Public health scientists wanted to investigate the effect of ionising radiation on the growth of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of antibiotics. They grew bacterial colonies of Salmonella typhimurium in petri dishes labelled A, B and C. The Petri dishes were kept at 36°C for 48 hours, with scientists observing the bacteria every 24 hours. The results for this investigation are below. Petri dish A B с Treatment Was subjected to ionising radiation followed immediately by a dose of antibiotic X An equal amount of antibiotic X was added (as was added to Petri dish A) Was given neither ionising radiation nor antibiotic X After 24 hours Small spots of growth on surface No growth Growth across whole surface After 48 hours (ii) Identify the purpose of petri dish C. Large spots of growth on surface No growth Growth across whole surface (i) Explain the effect of the ionising radiation on the bacteria. (iii) Explain why scientists must continue to develop new antibiotics.arrow_forward
- A relatively large zone of inhibition surrounding an antimicrobial disk on a Kirby-Bauer test plate would most likely be interpreted as: a. sensitive reaction b. intermediate reaction c. resistant reactionarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a property of an antimicrobial agent? a. Must have a known concentration over a period of time required to eliminate a pathogen b. all choices are correct c. must be selectively toxic d. Must have a favorable chemotherapeutic indexarrow_forwardUnlike a disinfectant, an antiseptica) sanitizes objects rather than sterilizes them.b) destroys all microorganisms.c) is non-toxic enough to be used on human skin.d) requires heat to be effective.e) can be used in food products.arrow_forward
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